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• identified and dated to A. D. IOSjtjj (ibid:7-44). A transition to the small side-notched <br />point is noted for the last recorded Formative occupation of battlement Mesa. At site <br />SGF133, the Uinta Side-notched point was found in association with Kayenta Anasazi <br />tradeware ceramics, which were dated by comparison to about A.D. I''"_'5-1300 (ibid:S-5). <br />The apparent end of the Fremont Culture in the region is rouglily coincident with the <br />drought of A.D. 1275-1300 and the ensuing intlu.e of people from the Southwest into the <br />Great Basin and Colorado Plateau. Although new investigations are being conducted into <br />Post Fremont formative groups that occupied Northwest Colorado and Utah. Newcomers to <br />the area were part of a lamer group of Numic Speakers (Shoshonean) of the Uto-Aztecan <br />language phylum (Smith 1974:10). Descendants of these people are the historically <br />documented Ute and Piute groups that occupied the Northern Colorado Plateau and Great <br />Basin areas. Linguists arc fairly certain that the Numic speakers were in southwestern <br />Colorado by A. D. 1300. Their appearance in the Fremont territory ca. r\.D. l^_00 is based on <br />lends of Shoshone pottery mired with the upper strata otTremont artifacts in many cave sites <br />in Utah (Jennings 1975:335). Unfortunately, evidence of their early cultural material is <br />scant, which precludes a precise description of their lileway. <br />r\s shown in the studies by Jennings, a specific pottery type is a chronological <br />indicator of early Ute sites. It is a cntde browmvare made with a coarse temper of cntshed <br />• rock and fired at low temperatures. It was first named by Buckles as Uncompahgre <br />brownware and was stratigrapltically assigned a date of A.D. 1550 to ISS I (Buckles <br />1971:505). However, the date for the pottery has been pushed back by recent finds. Grand <br />River institute recovered charcoal and Uncompahgre Browmvare from a washed out hearth <br />feature in si[e SR83939, located in the Piceance Basin. A calibrated date of A.D. 1350f55 <br />(530tS0 bP, Beta-37S 19) resulted from the processing of the carbon sample. At the Pioneer <br />Point Site, located in the Curecanti National Recreation Area, Uncompahgre Browmvare <br />ceramics (micaceous and non-micaceous tempered) were also recovered and dated. Over <br />seven hundred sherds were recovered. These Wert: associated with features dating ca. A.D. <br />1476, 474170 B.P., and A.D 14G6, 4S4fS0 B.P. (Dial 1959.19). <br />Diagnostic of the Ute occupation in western Colorado are small tri-notched points or <br />side-notched points leaving a concave base, called Desert Side-notched, and narrow <br />unnotched points, referred to as Cottonwood Triangular. Besides the Pioneer Point Sitc, two <br />other single component sites found in west-central Colorado and east-central Utah <br />containing these point types have been dated. Site SfvIE5997, an open campsite on Glade <br />Park, produced a C-14 date of ca. A. D. 1410 (Conner and Piontkowski, in progress). Site <br />43GR333G, an open campsite located near Moab, yielded a date ofca r1 D. 1250 (Reed <br />1990). Desert Side-notched and Cottonwood projectile points were also found at the Pioneer <br />Point Site. Metal points were a fairly recent addition to the projectile types and probably do <br />not date earlier than the I S00's. <br />• ~ <br />