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GCC Rio Grande, Inc: Red Rock Mine Drought Management Plan mediums capable of promoting seedling germination and establishment. To successfully reduce wind erosion, one or more of the following objectives, will be addressed: • Reduce wind velocity at the soil surface-Surface roughening, organic materials, cover crops, erosion control blankets, and windbreaks and wind strip-cropping will be used, either singly or in combination, to reduce soil surface wind velocities; • Trap soil particles-Accomplished by roughening the soil surface to trap soil particles moved by the wind; and • Increase size of soil aggregates-Applying organic amendments and minimizing tillage and mechanical disturbance serve to improve and conserve soil aggregate size. Increasing soil aggregate size and cohesiveness requires a stronger wind to move the soil Soil Roughening Surface roughness reduces the wind velocity at the surface, provides traps to catch the windblown soil particles and harvests precipitation. Surface roughening may be accomplished using a variety of implements depending upon the site's specific conditions and needs. Methods for creating surface roughening and its benefits aze detailed in the body of the permit. When linear roughening is used, it will be oriented perpendicular to the direction of the prevailing wind, to the extent this can be accomplished and not compromise the integrity of surface water runoff controls. The ratio of furrow height to distance between the furrows is an important consideration. The most effective ratio of furrow height to distance between rows is a minimum of 1 V:4H. For example, the minimum height for contour furrows spaced 36" apart is 9 inches. These dimensional relationships will be considered when placing furrows for wind erosion reduction. Wind Barriers & Breaks Wind barriers and breaks can be installed to reduce surface wind velocities, reduce soil moisture evaporation and capture wind blown moisture (rain and snow). Wind barriers and breaks can HaUitat Management, Inc. 5 03/03/2003