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individuals. k'hile this approach is time consuming, it has resulted <br />in more realistic shrub density values. In the 1985 monitoring study, <br />time constraints prevented the deliberate evaluation of each density <br />plot and, thus, the numbers presented in the report may actually be <br />lower than what exists on site. <br />r1 <br />LJ <br />PCC has continued to maximize the use of direct haul topsoil <br />replacement in reclamation activities, while improvements in brush <br />removal techniques have increased the amount of salvageable topsoil. <br />Prior to the salvaging of topsoil, the brush is removed and pushed <br />into piles with dozers. These piles are then "rolled" to drop as much <br />of the remaining topsoil out as possible. This method also aids in <br />the recovery of viable plant propagules which greatly improve the <br />level of natural regeneration of native grasses, fortis, and shrubs. <br />Evaluations of revegetation procedures and revegetated communities at <br />the Seneca Mine have resulted in changes in the seed mixes in the last <br />several years. These changes were made to balance the more aggressive <br />species in the mixes and increase the number of native species while <br />reducing the total number of introduced species or the seeding rates <br />of the remaining introduced species. Thus, in 1984, the seed mixes <br />were adjusted by reducing the individual rates of species such as <br />common timothy, Canada bluegrass, and alfalfa, and adding additional <br />native species such as big bluegrass and basin wildrye. The seed <br />mixes were further refined and presented as part of the Seneca permit <br />renewal submittal in early 1986. The rates for a number of species <br />were adjusted and the overall rate of seeding was reduced. Alfalfa <br />was changed to a rangeland type alfalfa variety and the rate eras <br />reduced to 0.25 PLS lb/acre. In addition, the supplemental forb and <br />shrub seed lists were refined. The intent of these changes were to <br />reduce the rates of some of the more aggressive species and establish <br />a revegetation community that may be more compatible with forb and <br />shrub establishment. <br />For the last several years, shrub seed has been added to the seed <br />mixes used at the Seneca Mine. The following lists the supplemental <br />shrub seed used in years.1981-1986: <br />1981 <br />Colorado columbine <br />Yarrow <br />Golden tuft <br />Batchelor button <br />Purple coneflower <br />Lewis flax <br />Mt. Phlox <br />Lupine <br />Primrose <br />R. Mt. Penstemon <br />Blackeyed sysan <br />• <br />Total <br />.4tirr:erz -.t <br />Lbs. Bulk <br />50 <br />50 <br />50 <br />50 <br />50 <br />50 <br />50 <br />50 <br />50 <br />50 <br />50 <br />550 <br />1.6 PLS ~s <br />27 Revised 8/27/86 <br />