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Water harvesting diversions are channels constructed across slopes with a supporting ridge on the lower side that is used to transport excess water from areas that need protection to sites where water can be used or disposed of safety. A diversion's effectiveness as a sediment reducing measure is in diverting the runoff which would otherwise flow across erosion susceptible areas, thus detaching and transporting soil particles. Contour farming and Gve haul topsoil transport are used on all reclaimed sideslopes and drainage areas when possible. Topsoil replacement, seedbed preparation, and planting are done on the contour. Con- touring can reduce erosion by 40 to 50 percent. When contour farming is combined with live material top- soil transport the erosion loss potential can be further reduced. Contouring provides excellent erosion con- trol by reducing transport from moderate rainfall events. Contouring in combination with diversion estab- lishmentcan be very effective in reducing erosion potential Rock check structures are used to dissipate the energy of flowing water within the drainages channel Debris and sediment tend to be deposited and trapped upstream of swctures. This in turn permits estab- lishment of vegetation behind structures which further stabilize the channel In addition, filter fabric is installed and used to line rock check structure core trenches, thus providing additional structural support and reduces the potential for advancement of downstream headcutting to move upstream. Cover crops and mulch are used very effectively in drainageways to reduce the detachment of soil by rainfall and runoff while providing seasonal protection and soil improvement Cover crops provide protection from wind and water erosion during vegetation establishment periods when permanent vegetation is inadequate to provide adequate cover. Permanent vegetative (grasses, (orbs and shrubs) cover provides the most significant and permanent long term solution to erosion control problems. The selection of species adapted to the climate and soils is one of the most important steps in achieving success. Woody plants are desirable for the long term stability of a particular site. However, woody plants require time to develop sufficient size to control erosion adeyuatety and the quick cover that can be obtained with grasses and (orbs is needed in the interim. The principles for selection of herbaceous vegetation is based on a particular species adaptation to the mine site and its ero- sion control potential The ideal species have strong root development A diverse mixture of plant species increases the assurance of a stand as it is ddfcult to anticipate all of the variables that will affect germination and stand establishment on any given site. Willow wattles and woody seedling transplants are installed in drainageways and serve as energy dissipaters for water and soil moving down the drainages and provide long term stability. Woody plants filter and trap entrained debris (soil, small rocks, veg litter) and provide a series of areas with reduced slope angles on which vegetation can be established. Deep rooted woody vegetation prevents gully formation and will become part of the permanent stabilizing cover. Brush matting (crimping) is essentially a mulch of hardwood brush crimped into existing drainage cuts. The technique is employed very effectively in stream channels and on stream banks to protect against acceler- ated erosion rates when a channel needs repay. Erosion control fabrics, mattings, fibers, strands and soil confinement systems are used effectively in reduc- ing stream velocities and increasing sedimentation in reconstructed drainage channels. Various combina- tions of materials are toed to solve erosion problems on a site specific basis. Erosion control fabrics provide a ground armor that dissipates the energy generated by water movement from run-off or rainfall. Soil retention is a secondary function. Fabrics offering high svength and abrasion resistance are used under rip rap.