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<br />growth. Cultivation to reduce plant competition
<br />comrtwny is necessary, particularly while the plantings
<br />are young. Among the trees that are suitable for planting
<br />are ponderosa pine, Russian-olive, Colorado blue spruce,
<br />and eastern redcedar. Among the shrubs are caragena,
<br />lilac, honeysuckle, and sumac.
<br />Some areas of this unit support stands of pinyon and
<br />juniper. Woodland products such as firewood,
<br />fenceposts, Christmas trees, and pinyon nuts can be
<br />obtained from these areas. The unit is capable of
<br />producng about 18 cords of firewood per aae in a stand
<br />of trees that average 5 inches in diameter at a freight of
<br />1 foot, 'rf all limbs larger than 2 inches in diameter are
<br />used. limiting soil disturbance when harvesting trees
<br />helps to minimize erosion. Seeding to adapted grasses
<br />may be needed in some areas after harvesting. Law
<br />predpifation and the presence of brushy plants may
<br />irdluence seedling survival. Areas can be maintained in
<br />pinyon end jurtipar by selective cutting, leaving smell
<br />trees and a few of the larger seed producing trees, and
<br />contrdling livestock grazing so that seedlings can
<br />become established.
<br />Wildlife such as mule deer, coyote, cottontail, squ'vrel,
<br />and rtquming dove use this unit. They obtain their food
<br />from areas of cropland and native vegetation. Areas of
<br />pinyon and juniper and rangeland provide cover and
<br />nesting areas. Suitable management fw wildl"de shaild.
<br />include providing protection from overgrazing and wildrrce
<br />and maintaining adequate plant cover, including areas of
<br />pinyon and juniper. In cropland areas favorable habitat
<br />can be developed by maintaining p1aM cover eking
<br />fences and ditches and in comers of fields.
<br />If this unit is used fw homeSite development, the main
<br />limitations are the low soil strength and modarate shrink-
<br />swell potential. Buildings should be designed to offset
<br />the effects of shrinking and swelling. Roads should be
<br />designed to overcome the limitations of low soil strength.
<br />The moderatey stow permeability should be considered
<br />when designirg septic tank absorption fieWS w sewage
<br />lagoons. Absorption felds may need to be made larger
<br />than normal. Sewage lagoons can be sealed to reduce
<br />seepage.
<br />This map unk is in capability subclass IVe, irrigated
<br />and nonirrigated.
<br />-Witt loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes, eroded. This
<br />deep, I drained soil is on uplands and mesa tops,
<br />commonly ng upland drainageways and swales. It
<br />formed in silty, Icareous loess. Elevation is 6,000 to
<br />7,000 feel. The a ge annual precipitation is about 14
<br />to 17 inches. The av a annual air temperature is 45
<br />to 50 degrees F, and the ge frost-free period is t 10
<br />to 130 days.
<br />Typicalty, the surface layer is r ish brown loam
<br />about 5 inches thick. The upper part a strbaoil is
<br />reddish brown silty clay ktam about 11 i thick, and
<br />the lower part is light reddish brown loam 16
<br />Soil Survey
<br />ches thick. The substratum is yellowish red loam that
<br />e ends to a depth of 60 inches or more.
<br />cluded in this unit are about 25 percent Witt loam
<br />the has not been eroded, about 15 percent soils that
<br />hav been eroded to the point that the parent material is
<br />expo ed at the surface, and smatl areas of soils that are
<br />shallo or moderetey deep over interbedded sandstone
<br />and sil shale.
<br />Perm bility of this Witt soil is moderately slow.
<br />Effective Doting depth is 60 inches ar more. Available
<br />water ca city is high. Runoff is mum, and the hazard
<br />of erosion moderate.
<br />This unit used mainly for nonirtigated crops and as
<br />rangeland. to beans and wheat are the main crops.
<br />The main c ncems of management in nonirrigated
<br />areas are co ruing rtrofsture, controlling eroabn, and
<br />maintaining the activity of the sdl. Practices that can
<br />be used to con I erosion include stubble mulch tillage,
<br />contour farming, d cronsWCtion of terraces, diversions,
<br />and grassed wet ys. Using stut~le mulch tillage and
<br />returning crop reef to the soil reduce tunoff and
<br />conserve moisture. emadng reduces runoff and erosion
<br />and conserves mot . Chiseling w subsoiling can be
<br />used to break up the loge pan and thus improve the
<br />water intake rate. Tilla should be kept to a minimum.
<br />Diversions and grassed tenrrays may be needed to
<br />reduce gully erosion.
<br />Tha native vegetation i most areas used as
<br />rangeland is western whoa ass. Indian ricegrass,
<br />muttongrass, and big sa h. Other plants that
<br />dtaracterize this unit are ju ,pinyon, and Rocky
<br />Mountain juniper. Proper gr use as part of a
<br />planned grazing system helps maintain the quality and
<br />quantity of the preferred range) d vegetaton.
<br />Mechanical or chemical brush trot followed by
<br />seeding to adapted grasses im es areas that supl~'t
<br />dense stands of sagebrush. Seedi g facilitates
<br />revegetation of areas depleted by vy grazing,
<br />cultivation, and other disturbances. veloping livestock
<br />watering facilities, fendng, and dot g grazing help to
<br />improve the distn'bution of grazing an to maintain the
<br />condition of the rangeland.
<br />Some areas of this unit supports of pinyon and
<br />juniper. Woodland products such as fir
<br />fencepasts, Christmas trees, and pinyon is can be
<br />obtained from these areas. The unit is a of
<br />producing about 15 cords of firewood per a e in a stand
<br />of trees that average 5 inches in diameter at height of
<br />1 foot, if all limbs larger tfwn 2 inches in die tar are
<br />used.
<br />The main limitation for the production of pi and
<br />juniper is the moderate hazard of erosion. Limiti soil
<br />disturbance when harvesting trees helps to mini e
<br />erosion. Seeding to adapted grasses may ben in
<br />some areas after harvesting. l.ow precipitation and e
<br />presence of bnrshy plants may influence seedling
<br />surv"rval. Areas can be maintained in pinyon and juni r
<br />
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