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State Reg. <br />~ b. Quality <br />The extent to which mining of Seneca II has or will alter the <br />quality of Grassy or Fish Creeks is best determined from <br />evaluation of historic data. From these data, current <br />conditions can be described and predictions can be made <br />regarding future water quality. The primary impacts of surface <br />coal mining upon surface water quality are: a) erosion and <br />subsequent sediment yield; b) total dissolved solids loading; <br />and c) exceedences in concentration of applicable water quality <br />standards. <br />Erosion and Subsequent Sediment Yield <br />Sediment yields at the Seneca II Mine were originally <br />determined in Section III using the Universal Soil Loss <br />Equation (LISLE), an empirically developed formula originally <br />• used to estimate soil loss on agricultural lands. More <br />recently, sediment yield in the Bond Creek drainage was <br />calculated using the Modified LISLE (MUSLE) for the design of <br />the 007 Pond. (See Tab 7 of the Permit Renewal Application). <br />In 1985, annual sediment surveys of the Shop Reservoir and the <br />004 Pond were required by the CMLRD; results of the first <br />survey were reported in the response to NOV C-85-081, Item 1 of <br />Tab 7 of the Permit Renewal Application. From future surveys, <br />which will include the 007 Pond, the annual sediment yields <br />reported in Item 1 will be verified or modified as necessary. <br />ii. Total Dissolved Solids <br />Natural surface water contains varying amounts of dissolved <br />solids. According to Sawyer (1960), dissolved solids consist <br />of inorganic salts, organic matter and other dissolved <br />. material. Principal anions and cations are the main <br />contributors to the total dissolved solids (TDS) content of <br />surface waters. Asa consequence of surface coal mining, <br />7-208 Revised 10/01/86 <br />