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In areas where drill seeding is not practical due to the limited size of the disturbance area or slope <br />gradients thaz would limit normal equipment operations, hydroseeding or broadcast seeding will be <br />utilized. Hydroseeding involves distribu[ion of a mixture of seed, mulch and tackificr over the areas <br />to be reseeded and can be effectively utilized on relatively steep slopes where the mulch tackifier <br />forms a protective matrix that hold the seed on the slope until it can germinate and establish. Where <br />hydroseeding is utilized, seeding rates will be double [hose shown on Tables 33, 33A, and 33B. <br />Given that fourwing saltbrush is the only shrub species included in the permanent seed mixture, EFCI <br />plans to utilize live seedling transplants supplemented by live topsoil handling practices to reestablish <br />adequate shrub densities on reclaimed areas. <br />In order to reestablish adequate shrub densities on the permanent coal refuse disposal area, EFCI will <br />transplant a total of four (4) trees and twelve (12) shrubs per acre. Consistent with pre-disturbance <br />vegetative densities, EFCI will plant three (3) one-seed junipers, one (1) ponderosa pine, and twelve <br />(12) skunkbrush sumac seedlings per acre on the refuse disposal area site. ~In the surface facilities area, <br />woody shrub density will be reestablished through planting of twenty-five (25) [rees, and twenty-five <br />(25) shrubs per acre, except on the Corley Property, where the landowner has requested that shrubs <br />and trees not be reestablished. Transplanting in the surface facilities area will consist of fifteen (15) <br />one-seeded junipers, five (5) ponderosa pines, four (4) pinon pines, one (1) red cedar, thirteen (13) <br />mountain mahogany, and twelve (12) skunkbrush sumac seedlings per acre. In the coal loadout area, <br />woody plant reestablishment efforts will focus on transplants of one-seeded juniper at a rate of two <br />(2) seedlings per acre. <br />Transplanting will involve the selection of appropriate adapted transplant stock and selective <br />placement of healthy mbeling transplants with time-release fertilizer tablets to maximize the potential <br />for transplant survival. Transplants will be grouped in "tree/shrub islands" both to improve the <br />potential for seedling survival and to optimize the relationships between shrub and meadow areas for <br />grazing and wildlife use (i.e., edge effect, cover zones, etc.). Transplant sites have been carefully <br />selected, as shown on the Southfield Reclamation Plan Map (Map 33), to optimize the potential for <br />survival and subsequent natural re-seeding with consideration to aspect, micro-habitat, moisture, and <br />location on slopes. Grass seeding rates will be reduced in transplant areas to minimize competition. <br />Based on sire conditions, including soil and prevailing atmospheric moisture conditions at the dme, <br />small diameter perforated pipe drains may be placed adjacen[ to the transplants, if appropriate, to <br />collect and pcovide supplemental moisture during initial establishment. Protective netting or <br />temporary fencing may also be placed around the transplants if there is signifcant potential for <br />wildlife or rodent damage. Existing surface owner fencing generally prevents livestock access to <br />MR-48 2.05.4-23 Revised March 2003 <br />