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utilized on live handled topsoil areas where unnecessary surface manipulation could potentially <br />damage native plant propagules contained in the soils. <br />In areas where available topsoil allows increased topsoil replacemen[ thicknesses, topsoil materials will <br />be chisel plowed in addition to previous ripping of surface materials. Chise] plowing may be followed <br />if necessary by disking and harrowing in order to break up the soil to produce a suitable seedbed. <br />Seedine. Species and Amounts. EFCI will use several seed mixtures for temporary and permanent <br />vegetative establishment on both mine and loadout areas, based on specific input from surface <br />owners. The species selected fox inclusion in the specific reclamation seed mixtures are <br />predominately native species, which have proven effective in reestablishing and adapting to specific <br />conditions at the Southfield site. Considerations involved in selecting species for inclusion in the <br />revegetadon seed mixtures included; natural occurrence on the site as documented by baseline <br />vegetation data, ease of establishment, adaptability, specific surface owner input, value as browse for <br />domestic livestock and wildlife, and contribution to vegetative diversity. <br />If climatic conditions or timing are not favorable for permanent seeding or if immediate stabilization <br />is necessazy, EFCI may seed disturbed aeeas with oats at a ra[e of 10-15 pounds per aae. Oats to be <br />planted will vary according to those varieties available in a given year. The oat seed will germinate <br />rapidly to form an effective temporary cover as well as a natural mulch for later permanent seeding <br />operations. These areas would subsequently be interseeded with the permanent seed mixture to <br />establish a permanent vegetative cover. <br />The permanent seed mixtures as shown on Tables 33, 33A, and 33B, Proposed Permanent Seed <br />Mixtures and Seeding Rates, consist primarily of native grasses with some forb and shrub species. <br />The permanent seed mixtures have been developed [o provide an effective self-sustaining vegetarive <br />cover, which will prevent erosion, provide suitable browse for domestic livestock and wildlife species, <br />and include sufficient diversity to ensure [he long-term stability of the resulting vegetative community. <br />The drainage channel seed mixture shown on Table 33A, Proposed Permanent Seed Mixtures <br />(Drainage Channels), consists primarily oflong-stemmed grasses selected for their ability to effectively <br />slow the velocity of storm runoff flows and provide erosion protection to the channel bottom and <br />sideslopes. This mixture also provides rapid vegetarive establishment to further minimize the <br />potential for significant erosion. Originally proposed for use in the permanent Magpie Creek <br />Diversion channel, the drainage channel seed mixture is applicable to other drainage channels thac, by <br />demonstration, require a vegetative lining to limit flow velocities to below erosive limits. <br />MR-48 2.05.4-20 Revised March 2003 <br />