PERMFILE45788 - Laserfiche WebLink

Home Browse Search

Section E1E.115 Continued. • location of forage supplements. The primary method of assuring proper distribution will be by herding. Animals will be supervised in their grazing during the day and herded to distant bedding grounds during the night. Distances from water to areas of suitable forage are approximately 3/4 mile at the longest point [See Energy Mines No. 1 and 2 Hydrology (Map 13) and Eckman Park Hydrology (Pfap 14)]. Stoddard and Smith (1955) reported that in excessively steep country "cattle should not to go more than I/2 mile for water, though in more level areas this can be increased. Even in flat country they should not be expected to travel more than 2 1/2 miles". The reclaimed land within the permit area would not be considered steep. Vallentine (1971) reviewed the literature relative to water develop- ment and grazing distribution and concluded: "Cattle should not • have to travel more than one-quarter to one-half mile from forage _ to water in steep, rough country, or more than one mile on level or gently rolling range. However, sheep and horses can travel longer distances". Vallentine reported that during spring and summer months when forage is green, water distribution was found to have little effect on big game distribution. During the winter months snow has much more of an effect on distribution of wildlife than the proximity of water. Section 816.116 Revegetation: Standards for success. (a) Success of revegetatior, shat be measured b}' techniques approved by the regulatory authority after consultation faith appropriate State ar,d Federal agencies. Comparison of ground cover and productivity may be made on the basis of reference areas er through the use of technical guidance procedures published by USDA or USDI for assessing ground cover and croductivity. Management of the reference area, if applicable, • shall be comparable to that which is required for the approved post- - mining land use of the permit area. 816-155