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Cover hire for vegetation (by species), litter-rods, or bare ground <br />• were recorded at each point. Croon or shoot cover vas measured by counting <br />only the first interception of the pin with a plant part. Overhead canopy <br />cover vas determined by recording the plant species hit when the vertical <br />line of the pin vas projected upward above the frame. Where crwne <br />overlapped in layered vegetation, the uppermosC layer vas considered the <br />primary vegetation hit and subsequent hits on lover vegetation were <br />recorded separately as secondary hits. All data were recorded on standard <br />data forms. <br />Data derived by this technique provided an Sndex for vegetative, <br />litter-rock, and bare ground cover by identifying the frequency with which <br />each of these components of total cover is encountered along a given <br />transact. <br />A minimum of 15 cover samples were Cake n, then sample adequacy vas <br />calculated using the formula: <br />• T2 S2 <br />Naitn ~ DT <br />Where Nmin - The minimum number of observations needed <br />T - 1.28 for the 80X of confidence level f•~ sly+b I..ds <br />S2 - Variance of initial sample <br />D ~ .lz [sample mean (7~ times level of accuracy <br />(+ 10X)] <br />Sampling continued until the required number of samples to meet ade- <br />quacy vas taken. <br />2.4 PRODUCTION SAHPLINC <br />Productivity on the reference area vas sampled after equality of the <br />cover on affected and reference areas vas tested. <br />. One production quadrat vas clipped at each randomly located sample <br />point in the pinyon-juniper type and its reference area. Productivity <br />