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Elk Creek Mine Subsidence Page 23 February 26, 2003 <br />Table 3. Bank density, swell factor and percent free swell for <br />• selected rocks and soils <br />1 • <br />'• <br />Rock or Soil Bank Swell Free <br /> Density Factor Swell <br />Basalt 185 PCF 0.67 509 <br />Bauxite 119 PCF 0.75 338 <br />Caliche 141 PCF 0.55 82~ <br />Carnotite, primary uranium ore 137 PCF 0.74 35~ <br />Clay, natural 126 PCF 0.82 226 <br />Coal, anthracite 100 PCF 0.74 35'h <br />bituminous 80 PCF 0.74 356 <br />Concrete 120-155 PCF 0.72 40~ <br />Conglomerate 153 PCF 0.72-0.63 40-609 <br />Copper ore, altered siliceous 141 PCF 0.79 356 <br />Earth, wet 126 PCF 0.79 279 <br />loam 96 PCF 0.81 236 <br />Granite, quartzite, fresh 163-170 PCF 0.67-0.56 50-80~ <br />typical values 0.61 648 <br />Gravel, pit run 135 PCF 0.89 129 <br />Gypsum 198 PCF 0.57 756 <br />Iron ore, high grade hematite 174-237 PCF 0.58-0.55 72-829 <br />limonite 174-237 PCF 0.58 726 <br />magnetite 204 PCF 0.55-0.58 72-829 <br />taconite 192-226 PCF 0.58 728 <br />Limestone 155-163 PCF 0.57-0.60 67-75~ <br />typical values 0.59 69?s <br />Marble, metamorphic 170 PCF 0.57-0.60 67-758 <br />Montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolin 191 PCF 0.77 30'h <br />illite, smektite <br />Pyrite 189 PCF 0.85 189 <br />Sand, dry 100 PCF 0.89 12~ <br />damp 120 PCF 0.89 126 <br />wet 130 PCF 0.69 12B <br />Sandstone 153-157 PCF 0.60 679 <br />Shale, mudstone 104 PCF 0.75 33~ <br />Siltstone, hard 153-157 PCF 0.57-0,60 67-759 <br />soft 126 0.82 22B <br />Slate 170-180 PCF 0.77 30~ <br />Traprock, basic, igneous 163 PCF 0.67 506 <br />Free swell (~) = change in volume brok en as a perc ent of <br />original bank volume <br />Swell factor = broken de nsity/bank den sity <br />Adapted from: Caterpillar, Inc., 1987, Caterpillar performance <br />handbook, p 790 and Euclid Road Machinery Co., 1953, Estimating <br />production and costs <br />-23- <br />