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• Although neither of the samples is representative of the road <br />fill, some conclusions can be drawn regarding the durability of the <br />rock. The outcrop sample consisted of a single large rock. The <br />exterior of the rock was substantially harder than the interior, pro- <br />bably due to the chemical affects of weathering. The interior disin- <br />tegrated easily, to a fine sand. This sample, being exposed at the <br />surface for many years, was substantially weathered. The natural <br />cement within the rock had been weakened. A Los Angeles abrasion test <br />run on this sample showed a 99% loss; the rock disintegrated to a very <br />fine sand during the test. <br />The core sample consisted of a sandy shale. It can be described <br />as a thinnly laminated, slightly calcareous, fossiliferous 9reywacke. <br />The sample was hard and competent, even after being exposed to the <br />elements for several months. A Los Angeles abrasion test could not be <br />run on the core because an insufficient amount of rock was available. <br />During exploration drilling of Pit No. 4, the lower sandstone <br />interburden was found to be the hardest of the rock encountered, <br />harder than the core sample. This sandstone, which will form the haul <br />road embankment fill, will probably have to be blasted, rather than <br />ripped by a dozer. <br />The field observations and laboratory testing have led to the <br />• following conclusions regarding rock durability: <br />(1) The sandstone fill in the haul road embankment will consist <br />of a sandy gravel, originating from the bench excavation and <br />from Pit No. 4; ' <br />(2) The material from the bench excavation will weather more than <br />the rock from the pit; <br />(3) The rock from the pit will probably not weather significantly <br />during the life of the haul road. Some decay of the near- <br />surface sandstone may occur; <br />(4) That part of the embankment fill which does weather will form <br />a fine sand. The internal strength and drainage of the fill <br />will not be significantly reduced by weathering of the <br />sandstone. <br />During construction of the new haul roads, adjustments will be made <br />to the alignment, the road width, the foundation excavation and the <br />drainage system. These adjustments will be made in order to reduce <br />erosion, to increase stability and to increase safety. <br />Initially, a pioneer road will be constructed along the approxi- <br />mate final alignment. The area to receive fill will be cleared and <br />grubbed. Topsoil will be stripped and transported to the designated <br />storage areas. <br />After topsoil removal, benching of the foundation wi]l begin. <br />• Colluvium and excavated rock will be placed on the lower benches. <br />This will progress upslope until all local materials are used. <br />Material from the pit will be brought in to complete the fill. <br />8-81 II1-11 <br />