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~. ~• CO-CPA-1 4/82 (180-12-11) ~~ U. S. Dept, of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service CQISERVATICN PLAN HAP AND SOIL AND CAPABILITY HAP LiJGF]iD SHEET Different kinds of soil, range sites, or woodland sites are separated on the map by solid black lines. 'Within each area is ar. identifying symbol or name. The folloiring symbols are shown on your map: Symbol or Site N ame 43-vuamon-La;lara complex. These nearly level soils are on flood plains and terraces along streams on the valley floor at elevations of 7,600 to 7,900 feet. The average annual precipitation is about 7 Inches, the aver- age annual air temperature is about 41 degrees F, and tho frost-freo season lasts about 95 days. The Quamon soil makes up about 45 percent of the map unit, and the LaJara soil makes up about 35 percent. Shawa soils make up about 10 percent, and similar soils that are gravelly or cobbly make up the remaining 10 percent. Slopes are 0 to 1 percent. The Quamon soil is deep, moderately well drained, and gravelly. It formed In alluvium from mixed sources on terraces, Typically, the surface layer. is brown gravelly sandy loam about 5 inches thick. The underlying material is brown gravelly sandy loam to a depth of 16 inches and is very gravelly sand to a depth of 60 inches. Permeability is moderately rapid. Ayailable water ca- pacity is low, runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is slight. A water table is 3 to 5 feet below the surface during the irrigation season. The LaJara soil is deep and poorly drained. It formed in mixed alluvium on flood plains. Typically, tho surface layer is grayish brown and gray, loam and .sandy loam about t3 inches thick. The subsoil is mottled light brown- ish gray sandy loam. The substratum is variegated gray to brown sandy loam, loamy sand, and sand to a depth of 60 inches. Permeability is moderately rapid. Available water ca- pacity is moderate. Runoff is very slow, and the erosion hazard is slight. A seasonal high water table is within 1 foot of the surface in spring and early in summer. This soil is subject to frequent flooding by spring runoff. Effec- tive rooting depth is 60 inches or more. This complex is used as native range and as irrigated pasture and hayland. A .few areas where drainage is established are used for alfalfa and small grains. Crop yields are limited because the soils are occasionally flooded or have a high water table during periods of high runoff. Soil drainage and land leveling are needed for irrigated crops, although land leveling may expose large areas of gravel and cobbles. Protection from flooding is necessary to dependable crop production. Water-toler~:nt species are the most suitable for pasture and hayland plantings. Generalized Descriptions (Detailed descriptions are available it wour Soil Conservation Service office,) able plants decrease, and the proportion of less desir- able plants such as Baltic rush, torbs, and woody sh~,~bs increases. Undesirable weeds and annuals invade and become abundant if the range condition becomes poorer. Seeding on this complex is generally not advisable due to wetness, flooding, and the high cost of land preparation. Renovating, deferred and rotation grazing, cross fencing, and brush control help prevent range de- terioration and promote the growth of desirable plant species. The Quamon soils is suited to narrowleaf cottonwood. It is capable of producing 7,000 board feet (Doyle rule) of merchantable timber per acre from a fully stocked, even-aged stand of 40-year-old trees. Harvesting wood crops is restricted during periods of high water. The LaJara soil is well suited to shallow water devel- opments created by excavation of pothole blasting of open water areas. Developments such as these increase waterfowl and shorebird populations. Because of the availability. of water, this complex provides excellent wa- terfowl nesting cover it livestock grazing is carefully man- aged. ~ • Urban development of this complex is limited by a high water table and frost action potential. Flooding is a hazard on the LaJara soil. It needs dikes or levees to protect against flooding and drainage systems to lower the ground water for construction of roads or buildings. The design of structures may need to be altered in some areas. Community or oifsite sewage systems are neces- sary to prevent pollution of ground water. The capability subclasses are IVw irrigated and Vw nonirrigated. rFluamon Part: ILINGE SITE: ^]OUJTI AN OUTWASii La Jara Part: RANGE SITE: Wet Meadow