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On Prospect, Gibson and Quartzite hills the tormati~ <br />is similar to the west end of 3lineral hill, being lime am <br />porphyry with less traehyte and generally the upper quartz <br />its is largely present; belts of shale also appear at interval; <br />generally appearing in the vicinity of the quartzite. <br />-. The geological formation oP Gibson hill indicates that <br />has been raised up something like 40p feet higher tha... <br />Quartzite Uill-the stxv~ta containing the blanket veins of <br />i lead and iron sulphides at the bottom oY Quartzite hill (the <br />northern spur of Gibson hill) appearing at the top of Gib- <br />.. son hill, where the ore is largely a carbonate and is Yound <br />next to the yellowish lime. The blue lime appears at tUa. <br />Uase of Gibson Uill on top oP the lower quartzite which i <br />turn lies on the archean granite. <br />TUe principal mines of these hills are generally deve'. <br />oped by tunnels, that being an economical way of opening <br />~ them abate the water level of the gulches. Deep mining <br />would piobably demonstrate still greater Uodies of smelt <br />ing ores and would be a promising field for the Investment <br />i <br />oP capital. The principal mines me~as follows: Mines of <br />D'arneomb hill, the Wapiti, HamerscUlag, Boas, gey West <br />Wire PatcU, and Arraria groups and the Townsend. Oa <br />Humbug hill, the Thornton, Erie, Saventa and Hard wan <br />group's and others. On 3fineral Uill the Lucky or Riverre <br />Beach, Blue Hill or Minnie (hoe from three to nine fee; <br />pay-streak of lead-silver-gold ore), "Rose of Breckenrzd e" <br />s, <br />SUawmut (or ti4 bite Paw <br />n ~v <br />), elhngton, Orthodox, Oro, 31ono <br />and the Magic groups and the Greenwood, Cincinnati, Ella <br />and others-chiefly producers of lead-sliver-gold smelting <br />ores. On Frospect hill the Johannesburg group and others. <br />The Sohannesburg is a free gold quartzite proposition. On <br />Gibson hill, the New York, Baker-Doty, Alice A., Kellogg, <br />Eureka, SumUO, Extension, Sun Down, Detroit and Cleve- <br />land groups and others. On Quartzite hill and YttUa Dam <br />Rats, the Stonewall, Stephenson, Sultana, Shakespeare, hit- <br />• tie Corporal and Tip Top groups and others. Of these the <br />Exteusion, Sun Down and Detroit are located on a great <br />ledge of gold bearing quartzite in which rich talc streaks are <br />found whicU frequently run as high as a dollar a pound in <br />free gold. The other mines are chiefly in the. porphyry, <br />which is crossed by large veins oP oxidized iron or lead <br />.ores which carry both gold and silver. <br />Going up the northern slope of this range of hills tlrece <br />are a uumUer of spurs separated from one another by tLe <br />following rich placer gulches, viz.: Gold Run, Delaware, <br />Galena, Summit, Greenhorn, Brown's, Humbug. Georgia, <br />American and Dry gulches; the formation being similar <br />to that of the PrencU gulch slope, except that shale appears <br />more fregaently. In Gold Run, on Discovery Uill, the <br />Tessie group keeps a 40-stamp mill running full time on gold <br />"bearing porphyry. In Summit the Hamilton property <br />I ra <br />The Breckenridge Gold Belt. <br />ITS PLACERS AND LODE MINES. <br />On the Pacific slope of the Continental divide east of <br />the Ten 31i1e range and Its extension-the Blue mount- <br />ains-ia the Breckenridge gold belt, the great placer de~ <br />posits of which are in the valleys drained Uy the Blue ricer <br />and its tributaries. Its lode mines of gold, silver, lead <br />or iron ores are found in the hills and mountains which <br />flank the valleys. '~ <br />Its placers are credited with a production of over <br />Yhirty-two million dollars' worth of gold since their dis- <br />covery in 185J-60. TUe lode mines have produced many <br />millions more. The greater portion of the gold taken out <br />during the "Pike's Peak excitement" came Prom the <br />placer mines of this gold belt, of which the principal pro- <br />ducing gulches were: Gold Amr, American, Georgia, <br />Humbug, Galena, Irrench, `jigger, Illinois, Mayo, Black; <br />also, EnPfalo, Delaware, and YuUa Dam flats. and the <br />benches along the Blue river. All of these placers were <br />very rich, from the aui•Pace to bedrock, or as deep as they <br />could he mined with crude appliances. <br />Both nuggets and rine gold m~e still found in tbese <br />placers, which are operated annually at a good profit In <br />the earls days many rich places were Yound in the pay- <br />streaks of these placers, which were called "pockets," and <br />the term "pound diggings" was applied to those claims, <br />of whicU there were maup, which produced twelve or more <br />ounces of gold per day to the man. TUe mining opera <br />tions in those days were confined to working with rockers <br />and sluice Uoxes on those portions of the streams where a <br />grade sufficiently steep copld Ue secured to Provide a <br />dump for the waste material, termed tailings; thus many <br />rich spots in the placer ground doubtless still remain um <br />touched where the stream was too Hat for sluicing and the <br />inflow of water too great to admit of profitaUle working <br />by means of a shaft with windlass and buckets. <br />"Towns" dotted the district in those days at interval <br />of three or four miles; some of them having a snmme <br />population of from 800 to 1,500. "Fort Mary B," (a <br />Breckenridge was first named) and Parkcille, at the moot: <br /> <br />