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<br /> mw Mine waste (latest Holocene)- Unsorted silt, sand, and rock fragments deposited by
<br /> humans during mining. Includes coarse-grained waste rock(spoil), fine-grained tailings, and
<br /> areas of graded bedrock veneered with spoil. West of the Range crest, mapped in Evans Gulch
<br /> and at the Climax Mine. East of the range crest, mapped on Pennsylvania Mountain, the
<br /> London Mine, South London Mine, and the American Mill. The average thickness of the unit is
<br /> generally less than 30 ft, except at the Climax Mine. Mine waste may be subject to settlement
<br /> when loaded if not adequately compacted.
<br /> Qrg -- Poorly sorted, angular to sub-angular boulders, cobbles, gravel, and sandy silt. Mapped
<br /> in most of the cirques in the quadrangle as smaller rock glacier deposits and lobes. Composed
<br /> almost exclusively of the hardest, well-jointed rocks exposed on cirque headwalls, such as
<br /> Precambrian crystalline rocks and Tertiary porphyries. The surface of the rock glacier is typically
<br /> clast-supported, matrix-free, and composed of angular to subangular, predominantly boulder-
<br /> sized rock fragments (Fig. 7). The interior of the deposit contains more matrix, but is rarely
<br /> exposed. Downslope movement is the result of slow creep of interstitial ice or an ice core. Rock
<br /> glaciers commonly have a lobate or tongue-like morphology and form in cirque basins where
<br /> sediment supply is abundant. Includes rock glaciers that are generally inactive, but may contain
<br /> some small areas of later Holocene reactivation too small to map. Maximum thickness about 60
<br /> ft.
<br /> London Borrow Pit
<br /> April 2024 B-2 111 Lewicki&Associates
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