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Chavers Mining Resource <br /> Integrated Noxious Weed Management Plan <br /> January 2024 <br /> Page 5 <br /> of the grass(Poaceae) family. It reproduces by seed which germinates in the fall, over <br /> winters as a seedling and flowers in the spring. Seed can remain viable in the soil for 2 to <br /> 5 years. Cheatgrass can grow in almost any soil type and readily adapts to varying <br /> precipitation. Cheatgrass can be several inches to more than 18 inches tall. It has a <br /> nodding seed head with many finely hairy drooping spikelets. As it matures the seed <br /> heads and foliage often become reddish and then progress to a light tan. <br /> ■ Field Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis): Field bindweed(Convolvulus arvensis)is a <br /> non-native deep-rooted perennial that reproduces from seed and creeping, horizontal <br /> roots(rhizomes). Field bindweed stems prostrate(grows low to the ground) and twine <br /> and grow up to 6 feet long. Leaves are distinguishable by their arrowhead shape. The <br /> flowers are bell or trumpet-shaped,white to pink in color, and are about 1 inch long. <br /> Field bindweed seeds can remain viable in the soil for up to 40 years. Field bindweed <br /> emerges from its root system in the spring. Flowering occurs from June to September and <br /> until the first fall frost. The number of seeds produced per plant ranges from 25 to 300 <br /> and seed production is variable depending on environmental conditions. Field bindweed <br /> is an extremely difficult noxious weed to control because, in part,of its root that may go <br /> 20 feet deep into the soil, and which repeatedly gives rise to numerous long rhizomes. <br /> 3.0 MANAGEMENT OPTIONS FOR TARGETED WEED SPECIES <br /> Management of weed species can vary from species to species. The following sections provide a <br /> summary of effective control methods and timing for implementation to treat each targeted noxious <br /> weed species present at the Site. <br /> 3.1 CONTROL METHODS <br /> Integrated management is a program of noxious weed control that properly implements a variety <br /> of coordinated control methods which greatly improves the success rate for weed control. There <br /> are no cure-alls for noxious weeds— no single tool will work every time in every situation. The <br /> solution is integrated management,which combines, or integrates, different tools to provide more <br /> effective weed control than any single tool could produce. The stress and damage caused by one <br /> tool weakens the target, making it more susceptible to damage caused by other tools. Types of <br /> control methods include: <br /> ■ Cultural—Introducing and promoting competitive species (i.e., competitive grasses, <br /> planted cottonwood cuttings, etc.)have proven to be effective at reducing the chances of <br /> re-invasion. Information is available from the local Colorado State University(CSU) <br /> Extension office or Natural Resources Conservation Service office for proper seed mix <br /> recommendations. <br /> ■ Mechanical—Mechanical controls include mowing,cutting, pulling, clipping, fire, <br /> grazing,tillage, grubbing. <br />