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Title: Sampling and Analysis Plan for Environmental Control Number: Revision Date: page 17of30 <br /> Groundwater Monitoring PUE.EN.D.026.04 2/19/2020 <br /> 5.2 Data Review,Validation and Verification Requirements <br /> Field and laboratory results are reviewed and validated in accordance with the specifications <br /> presented in this section. Analytical results are electronically entered into the database or data <br /> tables when possible to eliminate transcription errors. Hand entered results are proofed, as <br /> necessary,by data validation personnel to address the potential for transcription errors. <br /> 5.2.1 Data Validation <br /> Analytical data are validated and verified to assess how well the data satisfy data quality <br /> objectives for accuracy and precision specified by this SAP and the analytical laboratory. <br /> Conditions requiring the invalidation of analytical data are rare, as noted in the following <br /> sections. However, conditions necessitating qualifying (flagging) data in the data transmittal <br /> are more common and will be evaluated based on the following criteria. Qualified data are <br /> valid and usable in every way, but are flagged to alert the user that special care may apply to <br /> their use in interpretations. <br /> Two types of data qualifiers are recognized for environmental samples, including: 1) flags <br /> placed on results by the laboratory to denote problems with associated blanks, spikes,etc.(i.e., <br /> laboratory flags),and 2)flags placed by data validation personnel to denote problems or issues <br /> associated with sample collection, site conditions or documentation(i.e., validation flags). <br /> Documentation Reviews <br /> Samples are analyzed within the required holding time limits specified in the analytical method <br /> or the appropriate reference. Samples are preserved in accordance with applicable method <br /> specifications. Samples not analyzed within specified holding time limits, and/or not <br /> appropriately preserved, are invalidated unless professional judgment dictates that flagging <br /> would be more appropriate(e.g., consistent with historic observations). <br /> Field QA Sample Review <br /> The preparation of an equipment rinsate blank is required when sampling groundwater with <br /> reusable sampling equipment. However,use of a water level measuring probe decontaminated <br /> in accordance with Section 3.5 will not in and of itself trigger the requirement for a field rinsate <br /> blank. Flagging is not required when fewer field blanks than required are collected, but a QA <br /> memo will be included with the data. However, sample results associated with contaminated <br /> equipment rinsate blanks (i.e., samples collected prior to the equipment blank's preparation) <br /> are flagged if the sample blank concentration exceeds 10% of the sample concentration. <br /> Further, sample results may be invalidated if the blank concentration exceeds 50% of the <br /> sample Qoncentration. Data are not flagged if the sample concentration is below the reporting <br /> limit, regardless of the blank concentration, because the sample is not cross-contaminated. <br /> Sample concentrations are not corrected by subtracting blank concentrations. <br /> Field duplicates are samples intended to assess variations due to sample collection, handling <br /> or analysis. It is recognized that natural variations in the environment can cause variations in <br /> concentrations. Field duplicate concentrations should agree with one another as described <br /> below: <br /> Relative Concentration Relationship Criterion <br /> Concentrations<5 Times the Reporting Limit f Reporting Limit <br /> Concentrations> 5 Times the Reporting Limit RPD (f 50% for metals, ±20% <br /> for other analytes) <br />