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H-5 <br /> (c) Identify the presence and estimated population of threatened or endangered species from either <br /> federal or state lists. <br /> Refer to Item(a) above for discussion relative to threatened or endangered species from either federal or <br /> state lists. <br /> (d) Provide a description of the general effect during and after the proposed operation on the existing <br /> wildlife of the area, including, but not limited to, temporary and permanent loss of food and habitat, <br /> interference with migratory routes,and the general effect on the wildlife from increased human activity, <br /> including noise. <br /> While the projected life-of-mine for the Keenesburg No.2 Mine project is on the order of fifteen(15)years, <br /> inclusive of pre-development, production, and closure and reclamation activities, it can be considered a <br /> "temporary" use of the land. Further to this, the mining operations will employ a progressive pit with <br /> concurrent reclamation; that is, the active mine pit will advance across the Permit Area with concurrent <br /> reclamation(revegetation)occurring immediately following the completion of mining within a given year's <br /> mine block. Accordingly, the duration of loss of food and/or habitat will effectively be decreased to a <br /> period of time significantly less than the full projected life-of-mine;and,in such a manner that revegetation <br /> (and habitat restoration)will be occurring on a continuing basis, utilizing native habitat grasses and forbs <br /> to re-establish habitat to pre-mining conditions. <br /> The general effect to wildlife during regular operations within the Permit Area will vary with species, <br /> degree,and seasonal timing. Species that utilize the project area year-round or for nesting will be impacted <br /> more than species that may only use the project area seasonally as a stopover point during migration. <br /> Likewise, some more adaptable species may tolerate disturbances better than more sensitive species. In <br /> general, loss of food and habitat will be temporary as the mined areas will eventually be reclaimed and <br /> returned to their original state. <br /> Certain species may temporarily leave or avoid the project area and/or adjacent lands during regular <br /> operations. Game and non-game birds and mammals, including migrating birds and waterfowl may avoid <br /> habitat in the project area due to noise, illuminated areas, or anthropogenic activity. However, after the <br /> regular operations cease and the land is reclaimed, species use of the project area will likely return to its <br /> pre-mining state. <br /> Keenesburg No. 2 N ine_112 Reclamation Operation—November 22, 2019 <br />