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RULE 2 - PERMITS <br />forbs that may be encountered in this vegetation type include tarweed (Madia glomerata), <br />• hound's tongue (Cynoglossum officinale), and salsify (Tragopogon dubius). <br />Shrubs in this vegetation type are a relatively minor component though local thickets are <br />present. These thickets may be comprised of silver sagebrush, Drummond willow (Salix <br />drummondiana), Booth willow (Salix boothii), Bebb willow (,Salix bebbiana), park willow <br />(Salix monticola), or coyote willow (Salix exigua). Other shrub species present include <br />twinberry (Distegia involucrata), chokecherry, common gooseberry, Woods' rose, big <br />sagebrush, and mountain snowberry. <br />Occasional senescent thinleaf alder (Alnus tenuifolia) are present. Quaking aspen are also <br />marginal components of this type as well as vascular cryptogamic species including field <br />horsetail (Equisetum arvense) and duckweed (Lemna cf.. minuscule). <br />• Western Wheatgrass/Alkali Sagebrush - Dominant cover in this vegetation type is provided by <br />native perennial cool season grasses. The dominant species is western wheatgrass with <br />Letterman needlegrass (Achnatherum lettermanii), oniongrass, slender wheatgrass, and Agassiz <br />bluegrass all locally abundant. Mountain brome and Junegrass are; also present. <br />Early in the year, and in wet years, native perennial forbs provide; substantial cover. Mules ears <br />(Wyethia amplexicaulis), arrowleaf balsamroot, one -flower woodsunflower (Helianthella <br />uniflora), American milkvetch (Vicia americana), and timber milkvetch (Astragalus miser) are <br />often extensive components of the ground cover. Western yarrow, bracted aster, showy <br />goldeneye (Heliomeris multiflora), longleaf phlox (Phlox longifolia), and Pacific aster are often <br />• important contributors to cover. Tapertip onion (Allium acuminatum), fringed thistle (Cirsium <br />centaurae), Nuttall larkspur (Delphinium nuttallianum), and lambstongue groundsel (Senecio <br />integerrimus) are also commonly encountered. <br />Native shrubs are present with alkali (little) sagebrush (Artemisia arbuscula spp. longiloba) the <br />most abundant, along with mountain snowberry and big sagebrush. <br />The understory also includes introduced annual and biennial forbs and native annual and <br />biennial forbs such as two -lobe speedwell (Pocilla biloba) and Douglas knotweed. <br />• Steep Mountain Brush - The steep mountain brush vegetation type occurs primarily on steeper <br />south to west -facing slopes with shallow soils. The most extensive lifeform are shrubs, with <br />Gambel's oak, Saskatoon serviceberry, mountain snowberry and big sagebrush, in order of <br />decreasing abundance. Mountain mahogany (Cercocarpus montanus) and bitterbrush (Purshia <br />tridentata) are present. Native perennial grasses are the next most abundant lifeform, primarily <br />bluebunch wheatgrass, sun sedge, and Agassiz bluegrass. <br />Primary native perennial forbs observed include arrowleaf balsamroot (Balsamorhiza sagitata), <br />few -flowered goldenrod (Solidago velutina), and American vetch. Introduced annual grasses <br />observed include Japanese brome and cheatgrass. <br />• Aspen - The aspen forest vegetation type is dominated by quaking aspen. The native shrub <br />• component is extensive and is comprised primarily of Saskatoon serviceberry, black <br />PSCM Permit App. 2.04-138 6/15/09 <br />