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Soil Health-Bulk Density and Texture—Elbert County,Colorado,Western Part <br /> Methods:In general,there are two broad groupings of bulk density methods. One <br /> group is for soil materials coherent enough that a field sample can be removed, <br /> and the other group is for soils that are too fragile to remove a sample and <br /> therefore an excavation operation must be performed. In the former group,there <br /> are clod methods in which the sample has an undefined volume and is coated <br /> and then the volume is determined by submergence. Also under the former there <br /> are various methods in which a cylinder of known volume is obtained of soil <br /> sufficiently coherent that it remains in the cylinder.The detailed procedures are <br /> outlined in Soil Survey Investigations Report No.42, Soil Survey Laboratory <br /> Methods Manual,Version 5.0, November 2014, USDA, NRCS. <br /> Bulk density, one-third bar is the oven-dried weight of the less than 2 millimeter <br /> soil material per unit volume of soil at a water tension of 1/3 bar(33 kPa).The <br /> bulk density of each soil horizon is expressed in grams per cubic centimeter of <br /> soil material.Three columns represent the low, representative value(RV), and <br /> high values expected in the soil horizon. <br /> Bulk density is used to convert the results of other soil measurements from a <br /> weight to a volume basis. <br /> Texture is given in the standard terms used by the U.S. Department of <br /> Agriculture. These terms are defined according to percentages of sand, silt, and <br /> clay in the fraction of the soil that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter. "Loam," <br /> for example, is soil that is 7 to 27 percent clay,28 to 50 percent silt, and less than <br /> 52 percent sand. If the content of particles coarser than sand is 15 percent or <br /> more, an appropriate modifier is added, for example, "gravelly."The <br /> representative texture of each horizon is displayed. <br /> References: <br /> Soil Survey Staff. 2014. Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory Methods Manual. Soil <br /> Survey Investigations Report No.42,Version 5.0. R. Burt and Soil Survey Staff <br /> (ed.). U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. <br /> United State Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation <br /> Service. 2008. Soil Quality Indicators—Bulk Density. <br /> Volchko Y, Norrman J, Ros&n, and Norberg T.2014.A minimum data set for <br /> evaluation the ecological soil functions in remediation projects. J Soils Sediments <br /> 14:1850-1860. <br /> Report--Soil Health - Bulk Density and Texture <br /> Natural Resources Web Soil Survey 3/12/2018 <br /> Conservation Service National Cooperative Soil Survey Page 2 of 4 <br />