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DEFINITIONS <br />Active nest — Any nest that is frequented or occupied by a raptor during the breeding season, or which <br />has been active in any of the five previous breeding seasons. Many raptors use alternate nests in <br />various years. Thus, a nest may be active even if it is not occupied in a given year. <br />Active winter night roost — Areas where Bald Eagles gather and perch overnight, and sometimes <br />during the day in the event of inclement weather. Communal roost sites are usually in large trees (live <br />or dead) that are relatively sheltered from wind and are generally in close proximity to foraging areas. <br />These roosts may also serve a social purpose for pair bond formation and communication among <br />eagles. Many roost sites are used year after year. <br />Human encroachment — Any activity that brings humans in the area. Examples include driving, <br />facilities maintenance, boating, trail access (e.g., hiking, biking), etc. <br />Hunting perch — Any structure on which a raptor perches for the purpose of hunting for prey. Hunting <br />perches provide a view of suitable foraging habitat. Trees are often used as hunting perches, but other <br />structures may also be used (utility poles, buildings, etc.). <br />Surface occupancy — Any physical object that is intended to remain on the landscape permanently or <br />for a significant amount of time. Examples include houses, oil and gas wells, tanks, wind turbines, <br />roads, tracks, etc. <br />For further information contact: <br />David Klute <br />Bird Conservation Coordinator <br />Colorado Division of Wildlife <br />6060 Broadway <br />Denver, CO 80216 <br />Phone: 303-291-7320 <br />Email: david.klutegstate.co.us <br />CONTACT <br />REFERENCES <br />Bechard, M.J., and J.K. Schmutz. 1995. Ferruginous Hawk (Buteo regalis), The Birds of <br />North America Online (A. Poole, Ed.). Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology; Retrieved from the <br />Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna/species/172 <br />Buehler, D.A. 2000. Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), The Birds of North America Online <br />(A. Poole, Ed.). Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology; Retrieved from the Birds of North America <br />Online: http://bna.birds.coniell.edu/bna/species/506 <br />Call, M. 1979. Habitat management guides for birds of prey. Technical Note No. 338, U.S. Bureau of <br />Land Management, Denver Service Center, Denver, CO. 69pp. <br />