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where nm,~ =the minimum required sample size <br />s' =sample variance In-11 • <br />t = atwo-tailed t value with n-1 degrees of freedom at 0.2 probability <br />d =desired detectable reduction; 10°,6 Id = 0.11 <br />z =arithmetic mean <br />The comparability of affected and reference areas was calculated using the formula <br />recommended by DMG: <br />t = icn~n_ <br />~+ 8__Q <br />n• nrn <br />where sip = (n.-1 ~ s',,~g 1) s'Ep_ <br />(nq 11 + Inra 11 <br />x, =affected area mean <br />xrs =extended reference area mean <br />t =two-tailed t-value with n-1 degrees of freedom <br />s~~ =variance among affected area samples <br />s'rp =variance among extended reference area samples <br />nq =number of affected area samples <br />nra =number of extended reference area samples <br />The above calculated t value is compared to atwo-tailed t value at 95 percent confidence <br />10.05 probability) with appropriate degrees of freedom, as presented in a standard t value • <br />table. If the calculated value is less than or equal to the tabular t value, the "comparability" of <br />the reference and affected areas is deemed acceptable. <br />Results and Discussion <br />Descriptions of vegetation that follow are based upon the data collected for the area to be <br />affected by mining, except as indicated. Reference to Figures 10-7 through 10-10, and <br />especially Figure 10-g, Relative Cover by Lifeform, may assist the reader's understanding. Of <br />the photographs for each type, half are from the affected area and half are from the unaffected <br />)extended reference) area as indicated in the captions. <br />Aspen Forest Vegetation Type (Photos 1 through 81 <br />In the area to be affected by mine development and operation, the Aspen Forest vegetation <br />type (Appendix 10-A, Table 10A-11 is dominated by quaking aspen IPopu/us tremu/oidesl. <br />These trees comprised 44.5 percent absolute cover and 50.3 percent of total vegetation cover. <br />Native shrubs were the next most abundant lifeform with 27.7 percent of total vegetation <br />cover. The bulk of this shrub cover was comprised of Saskatoon serviceberry /Ame/anchier <br />a/nifo/ial, black chokecherry /Padus virAiniana var. melanocarpa/, and western snowberry • <br />1Symphoricarpos rotundifoliusl. Other commonly occurring shrubs included Rocky Mountain <br />48 Revised 9/98 <br />