2018-01-03_PERMIT FILE - C1981010A ‎(12)‎

• Permit No: C1981010A
• IBM Index Class Name: Permit File
• Doc Date: 1/3/2018
• Doc Name: pages 2-58 to 2-169
• Section_Exhibit Name: 2.3 Vegetation & 2.4 Fish and Wildlife
• Media Type: D
• Archive: Yes

• many cases, the shrubby specimens also eventually attain treelike proportions by
the gradual growth of a few central and erect stems, and the subsequent dying out
of the short and bushy growth.
Common serviceberry merits its position among the more valuable browse plants on
the western range, due to its wide distribution, palatability, and ready availa-
bility to livestock. Throughout most of the West, this plant ranks as fair to
fairly good forage for cattle and good for sheep, although in Colorado and on the
eastern side of the Rockies generally, it is usually poor to fair feed for cattle
and fair to fairly good for sheep. On the average range, it is browsed chiefly
after midsummer, when the more palatable grasses and weeds have already been uti-
lized or matured, but on browse ranges, where it consitutes a portion of the more
palatable forage, it is usually among the first species grazed. Common service -
berry withstands close use remarkable well. Repeated nipping of the shoot ends
induces a rather dense and bushy growth, which tends to protect the inner fol-
iage, and also permits the central stems to grow beyond the grazing height of
• livestock. After this height is attained, continued close use results in an
enlarged or treelike crown and the gradual death of the bushy basal growth. Small
shrubs, entirely within grazing range are, of course, killed by continued close
use.
Deer and elk are particularly fond of common serviceberry. The juicy fruit is
palatable to man and eagerly devoured by birds, rodents and such larger wildlife
as bears.
Artemisia tridentata
(Big sagebrush)
Big sagebrush, locally known as black sage
or blue sage, and often
called simply
sage, or sagebrush, is a large
deciduous shrub with silvery green leaves. It is
one of the most widespread and
most familiar species of Artemisia, in
addition to
being probably the most abundant shrub in
western North America.
The specific
name tridentata refers to the
three teeth
at the apex of the leaf.
The species
• ranges from western Nebraska
to Montana,
British Columbia, eastern
California,
Lower California, and northern
New Mexico.
Big sagebrush occurs as
a major part
2-87