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there is new evidence of Paleoindian Era occupations in the region, there is a higher level of <br />data indicating use by Native Americans during the Archaic, Formative, and Protohistoric/ <br />Historic Eras. <br />One historic site and three historic trail segments were revisited. Of these, one is an <br />historic rock alignment (a foundation for a cabin), and three are roadways with associated <br />artifacts. These are indicative of regional Euro -American activity from the early to mid- <br />century, which is consistent with the land patents on file for the vicinity. The area <br />surrounding the study location would have seen homesteading and exploration activities as <br />far back as the late 1870s, based on the GLO survey plats. Hunting and trapping, farming <br />and ranching, and mining served to draw settlers to the region over the years. Within the <br />project area, land patent filings suggest an increase in settlement during the 1920s. This <br />appears to correspond to the increased ease of access to the area in general with the paving of <br />Berthoud, Loveland, and Fall River passes and road extensions and expansions through the <br />Gore Range in the Upper Yampa Valley (Athearn 1977). <br />DETERMINATIONS OF EFFECT/MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS <br />The National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (NHPA) directs the BLM to ensure <br />that BLM-initiated or authorized actions do not inadvertently disturb or destroy significant <br />cultural resource values. The eligibility determination and consultation process is guided by <br />Section 106 of the NHPA (36 CFR 60, 63, and 800). BLM actions cannot be authorized until <br />the Section 106 process is completed (36 CFR 800.3). An inventory such as this is the first <br />step in the Section 106 process. <br />As a result of the inventory, site 5MF319 was revisited and additional artifacts were <br />newly recorded; the site was previously evaluated as need data, and the current project makes <br />no changes that recommendation. Segments . l and .2 of site 5MF7402 were revisited in full <br />and found to be in the same condition as when previously recorded. An additional 82 meters <br />of this road was newly recorded extending the resource to the north and all segments were <br />merged under site number 5MF7402.1. Site 5MF7566.1 was revisited and found to be in the <br />same condition as when previously recorded, but an adjoining 77 meters was newly recorded <br />and documented under the original segment number. The linear segments of 5MF7403 and <br />5MF7566 — in keeping with current Section 106 guidelines — were field evaluated as <br />non -supporting segments of eligible sites. Additionally, four prehistoric sites (5MF7691, <br />5MF7692, 5MF7794, 5MF7795) were newly recorded. Sites 5MF7691 and 5MF7692 are <br />aboriginal wooden feature sites. Sites 5MF7794 and 5MF7795 are prehistoric open camps. <br />All four newly recorded sites are field evaluated as need data. <br />Avoidance is recommended for the need data sites. If the sites cannot be avoided, <br />then testing is recommended. No further work is recommended for historic trail segments <br />evaluated as non -supporting. <br />29 <br />