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LIST B <br /> fellow toadflax - Linaria vulgaris <br /> A perennial with an extensive creeping root system that reproduces <br /> vegetatively, and also through prolific seed production. It is well-adapted to <br /> moist or dry sites and is found in all soil types. Very competitive due to <br /> early spring emergence from vegetative buds on root stock. Herbicide <br /> control results can be highly variable. Known to be mildly poisonous to <br /> cattle, but no known ill effects to sheep or goats. <br /> Identification: <br /> • Flowers: Snapdragon-like, bright yellow with orange centers, long spur. <br /> • Leaves: Narrow, linear, 1 to 2 inches long. <br /> • Stems: Woody at the base and smooth toward top, 1 to 3 feet tall. <br /> Control Methods: <br /> Controlling toadflax is expensive and difficult. Control when infestations <br /> are small. Prevention is the best option. <br /> Biological: <br /> The following insects are available for control: <br /> Noctuid moth - Calophasia lunula <br /> Stem-boring weevil - Mecinus janthinus <br /> Mechanical: <br /> Hand-pulling and tillage are not recommend due to its extensive <br /> creeping root system. Hand-pulling may be an option for a new <br /> infestation where only a few plants are present. <br /> Chemical: <br /> *Picloram: Fall application, late August through September. <br /> *Picloram + Chlorsulfuron: Apply while flowering through fall. Late <br /> August through September timing gives <br /> best results. <br /> * Restricted-use chemical <br /> 54 <br />