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Transit Mix Concrete Co. <br /> Merriam's wild turkey <br /> Habitat requirements for Merriam's wild turkey varies from summer to winter and for nesting, <br /> brooding, and roosting, and the USFS Species Assessment(Vasquez, 2005) lists the primary and <br /> secondary habitat qualities for each of these parameters. Primary habitat includes the qualities <br /> necessary to sustain a turkey population. Turkeys typically visit secondary habitat for travel, <br /> protection, or food, but secondary habitat cannot support a turkey population. Regardless of the <br /> habitat type, turkeys typically require ponderosa pine, Gambel oak, or pinyon-juniper forest. The <br /> range for wild turkeys(all species, not just Merriam's) ranges from 350 acres to over 60,000 acres, <br /> and the food consumption can vary due to this extensive range (NRCS and WHC, 1999b). <br /> Merriam's turkeys prefer to feed and roost near the forest-meadow edge as they typically roost <br /> within 45m (150ft) of an open meadow and feed within 45m (150ft) of the forest edge. Turkeys <br /> feed in openings on grasses, forbs, and pine nuts; additionally, turkeys feed on insects and other <br /> invertebrates (Vasquez, 2005 and NRCS and WHC, 1999b). <br /> Summer feeding and cover within primary habitat consists of ponderosa pine, Gambel oak, or <br /> pinyon-juniper forest. Ponderosa pine forest can be young to mid-aged, but there needs to be an <br /> open (<40%) canopy cover. A denser canopy cover provides secondary habitat. Pinyon-juniper <br /> must be mid-aged to provide primary habitat, while younger stages provide secondary habitat. <br /> Grassland and wet meadows within 10m of the forest-meadow edge provide primary habitat. <br /> Riparian areas consisting of grass-forb, shrubs, or saplings provide primary habitat, and older <br /> riparian areas provide secondary habitat. Mixed conifer forest, aspen, cottonwood, and Douglas <br /> fir provide secondary habitat. (Vasquez, 2005) <br /> Nesting occurs on slopes ranging from 10% to 40% with ponderosa pine or Gambel oak <br /> vegetation. Slopes greater than 30% are preferred to shallower slope gradients. East, south and <br /> west slope aspects are important for nesting and these will not be disturbed by Quarry <br /> development. The nesting area also must be within 0.8km (2,600ft) of brood rearing habitat, <br /> discussed below; distances up to 3.5km (11,500ft) provide secondary habitat. Primary nesting <br /> habitat includes Gambel oak forest with snowberry cover. Alternatively, ponderosa pine forest <br /> must be a young forest with moderately to closed (>40%) canopy cover and contain a Gambel <br /> oak understory with rock outcroppings or downed logs to provide primary nesting habitat. Older <br /> pine forest with the same canopy, understory, and ground cover provides secondary habitat. <br /> Greater canopy cover(>60%) and overstory cover(>80%) is preferred to areas with lesser cover. <br /> (Vasquez, 2005) <br /> Brood rearing habitat includes grassland or riparian areas or ponderosa pine, Gambel oak, or <br /> pinyon juniper forest with an open (<40%) canopy. The grassland must be adjacent to a <br /> ponderosa pine, Gambel oak, pinyon-juniper forest, or aspen forest, and only areas within 10m <br /> (30ft) of the forest-meadow edge provide primary or secondary habitat. Turkeys prefer to brood <br /> within 10m (30ft) of cover, but they have been observed to range up to 45m (150ft) from cover. <br /> Hitch Rack Ranch Quarry Permit Application <br /> October 3,2017 E-19 <br />