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Vegetation Information <br />water river & beaver <br />Mixed deciduous and coniferous forests have a greater biodiversity than most other forests verse standof <br />their multiple layers of canopy and dense understory. This creates a heterogeneous, <br />struc- <br />ture as can be seen in Table 2. Three plant species dominate the mountain slopes of this landscape: Doug- <br />las fir (Pseudotsuga nzenziesii), quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides), and gambel oak (Quercus <br />gambelii). Douglas fir is widespread throughout the entire southern Rockies, where moisture is abundant. <br />Douglas fir is not a true fir; it has similarities to spruces and hemlocks as well as firs. Narrowleaf cot- <br />tonwood (Populus angustifolia) and willow (Salix sp.) are the dominant overstory vegetation interspersed <br />with blue spruce in the riparian zone along the La Plata River. <br />Table 2. Estimates of cover and height for principal species in vegetative life forms <br />* Due to multi -tier vegetation cover, numbers may add to more than 100% ground cover <br />MCF = Mixed Coniferous Forest, MD/CF = Mixed Deciduous/Coniferous Forest, FR = Forested Ri- <br />parian, AF/MSM = Aspen Forest/Mountain Shrub Mix, MSM = Mountain Shrub Mix <br />** The grass and herb understory was diverse in species without obvious dominance by few species; <br />Quaking aspen is serial in this system, and in the absence of fire, the system will succeed to conifer - <br />dominated forest (Mueggler, ure aspen occurrence9884) . Nearly a s to the prered years sent -day aspen -con fer forest and woodland <br />n and livestock grazing <br />have converted much of the p p <br />ecological system, with conifers increasing in dominance. <br />4 Mueggler WF. 1988. Aspen community types of the Intermountain Region. Ogden, UT: USDA, USFS, Intermoun- <br />tain Research Station; Report nr USDA Forest Service General Technical Report INT -250. 135 p. <br />Sunrise Mining, LLC <br />112(d) Permit <br />Revised July 8, 2011 Page 3 of 5 <br />Exhibit J — Rule 6.4.10 <br />Cover* (%) <br />height <br />MCF <br />MD/CF <br />FR <br />AF/MSM <br />MSOM <br />Tree <br />70 <br />65 <br />45 <br />35 <br />70-80' <br />Douglas fir <br />40 <br />35 <br />10 <br />35 <br />25-35' <br />Quaking aspen <br />20 <br />75-90' <br />Ponderosa pine <br />25 <br />30-40' <br />Limber pine <br />5 <br />2 <br />25-35' <br />Blue spruce <br />2 <br />5 <br />40-50' <br />Cottonwood <br />35 <br />30 <br />65 <br />Tall shrub <br />15 <br />5 0 <br />35 <br />20 <br />55 <br />15-20' <br />Gambel oak <br />20 <br />Willow <br />10 <br />20 <br />10 <br />10 <br />10 <br />5-15' <br />Rocky mtn maple <br />10 <br />6-25' <br />chokecherry <br />10 <br />15' <br />serviceberry <br />8 <br />8 <br />15 <br />50 <br />40 <br />Low Shrub <br />10 <br />40 <br />1-2' <br />Wood's rose <br />2 <br />2-4' <br />Mtn snowberry <br />5 <br />20 <br />10 <br />10 <br />Grass"" <br />20 <br />20 <br />30 <br />20 <br />25 <br />10 <br />15 <br />Herb"" <br />* Due to multi -tier vegetation cover, numbers may add to more than 100% ground cover <br />MCF = Mixed Coniferous Forest, MD/CF = Mixed Deciduous/Coniferous Forest, FR = Forested Ri- <br />parian, AF/MSM = Aspen Forest/Mountain Shrub Mix, MSM = Mountain Shrub Mix <br />** The grass and herb understory was diverse in species without obvious dominance by few species; <br />Quaking aspen is serial in this system, and in the absence of fire, the system will succeed to conifer - <br />dominated forest (Mueggler, ure aspen occurrence9884) . Nearly a s to the prered years sent -day aspen -con fer forest and woodland <br />n and livestock grazing <br />have converted much of the p p <br />ecological system, with conifers increasing in dominance. <br />4 Mueggler WF. 1988. Aspen community types of the Intermountain Region. Ogden, UT: USDA, USFS, Intermoun- <br />tain Research Station; Report nr USDA Forest Service General Technical Report INT -250. 135 p. <br />Sunrise Mining, LLC <br />112(d) Permit <br />Revised July 8, 2011 Page 3 of 5 <br />Exhibit J — Rule 6.4.10 <br />