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LOGAN COUNTY, COLORADO 15
<br /> ican plum, purple willow, common chokecherry and redosi- brown, gravelly sandy clay loam about 17 inches thick.
<br /> er dogwood. The substratum is light brown gravelly coarse loamy sand
<br /> This is an important soil for wildlife because of its in- and coarse sand to 60 inches or more.
<br /> tensive use for cropland and its position in relation to the Permeability is moderate. The effective rooting depth
<br /> bottomlands of the South Platte River. Its primary value is 60 inches or more. Available water capacity is
<br /> for wildlife species is in the food it produces, that wildlife moderate. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion
<br /> utilize while using the riverbottom areas for cover. Wil- hazard is moderate.
<br /> dlife utilizing this soil include mule and white-tailed deer, These soils are used for nonirrigated cropland, irrigated
<br /> bobwhite, ducks, geese, and miscellaneous nongame spe- cropland and rangeland. Corn, alfalfa, sugar beets, and
<br /> ties. Wildlife habitat can be provided and improved by wheat are the principal crops in irrigated areas. Wheat is
<br /> tree and shrub plantings, planting grasses and legumes the main crop in nonirrigated cropland areas.
<br /> for undisturbed nesting cover, and providing wildlife In nonirrigated cropland areas intensive management is
<br /> travel lanes from riverbottom areas to feeding areas. needed to control soil erosion, conserve moisture and
<br /> Shallow water wetland areas can be developed to attract maintain soil productivity. Stubble mulch tillage and in-
<br /> waterfowl with irrigation. corporating crop residues are essential in improving soil
<br /> Where the soil is used for homesites and other urban tilth, conserving moisture, and protecting the soil from
<br /> developments, the primary limiting soil features are a erosion. Terracing and contour tillage are essential to
<br /> water table at depths of 20 to 40 inches and a flooding reduce runoff and conserve moisture. Chiseling or subsoil-
<br /> hazard. Special sewage systems must be anticipated. Sep- ing is effective in breaking up tillage pans and improving
<br /> tic tank absorption fields will not function properly water penetration. Tillage shwild be kept to a minimum.
<br /> because of the high water table. In homesite and other Combinations of these practices are essential on these
<br /> urban development construction, compensating measures soils to maintain productivity and protect them from ero-
<br /> and designs are needed to overcome the water table and sion.
<br /> flooding hazard. Road designs are needed that will take In irrigated areas, special management is needed to
<br /> into account the frost action of the soil. Capability sub- protect these soils from erosion, to get uniform applica-
<br /> class IIIw nonirrigated, IIIw irrigated. tion and distribution of irrigation water and to maintain
<br /> 4—Altvan-Eckley sandy loams, 3 to 5 percent slopes. fertility. Contour ditch and contour furrow are irrigation
<br /> These gently sloping soils are on upland ridges and side methods best suited. Land smoothing is needed to obtain
<br /> slopes in the northern part of the county.The average an- uniform distribution of water and control soil loss. Care
<br /> nual precipitation ranges from 15 to 19 inches. Altvan must be taken to determine the maximum depth of cut on
<br /> sandy loam, 3 to 5 percent slopes, makes up 50 percent of these soils because of their depth over sand and gravel.
<br /> the unit and Eckley sandy loam, 3 to 5 percent slopes, Some sacrifice acreage may be expected. Frequent irriga-
<br /> about 30 percent. The Altvan soil is on foot slopes and at tions with small amounts of water are required to reduce
<br /> midslope. Eckley soils are on ridge crests and knobs. soil loss and obtain efficient use of irrigation water. Crop
<br /> About 20 percent of this unit is Chappell sandy loam residue use and applications of manure and commercial
<br /> and Wages loam, both having 3 to .5 percent slopes, and fertilizers containing phosphorus and nitrogen are needed
<br /> Dix gravelly sandy loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes. The Chap- to maintain fertility.
<br /> pelf and Wages soils are on footslopes and in concave Rangeland vegetation of the Altvan soil consists mainly
<br /> positions.The Dix soil is on ridge crests and knobs. of blue grama, buffalograss, western wheatgrass, and
<br /> The Altvan soil is a deep, well drained gravelly upland sedge. Rangeland vegetation of the Eckley soil consists
<br /> soil. It formed in calcareous, loamy alluvial and eolian mainly of blue grama, sideoats grama, little bluestem, buf-
<br /> deposits underlain by sand and gravel. falograss and sedge. Proper grazing use and planned
<br /> Typically the surface layer is a dark grayish brown grazing systems are the most important practices needed
<br /> sandy loam about 5 inches thick. The subsoil is a dark to maintain quantity and quality of desirable vegetation.
<br /> grayish brown heavy sandy loam and sandy clay loam Range seeding will speed revegetation of areas depleted
<br /> about 18 inches thick. The substratum is light brownish by heavy grazing, cultivation, or other disturbances. Com-
<br /> gray, calcareous sandy clay loam about 18 inches thick binations of stockwater development, fencing and
<br /> over light brown coarse sand and gravel (fig. 4) that ex- deferred grazing help improve grazing distribution and
<br /> tends to 60 inches or more. maintain range condition. Contour furrowing and pitting
<br /> Permeability is moderate. Effective rooting depth is 60 are practices that improve water infiltration and reduce
<br /> inches or more. Available water capacity is moderate. runoff and are especially effective on rangeland areas in
<br /> Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is poor and fair condition on the Altvan soils.
<br /> moderate. Windbreaks and environmental plantings are difficult
<br /> The Eckley soil is a deep, well drained soil. It formed in to establish on these soils. Depth to sand and gravel is
<br /> stratified, reddish, gravelly alluvial materials of the Ogal- the principal concern in establishing tree and shrub
<br /> lala Formation. plantings. Special care consisting of summer fallow a year
<br /> Typically the surface layer is dark grayish brown sandy in advance of planting and continued cultivation for weed
<br /> loam about 3 inches thick. The subsoil is dark brown and control is needed to insure establishment of plantings.
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