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Appendix 7: Moffat County Noxious Weed Management Plan <br /> Acceptable Integrated Treatment Methods <br /> Chemical Herbivory Mechanical <br /> State Common Name Mow/Top <br /> List (Scientific Name) Lifecycle Herbicide Grazing Biological Pulling Removal Tilling <br /> B Black Henbane (Hyoscyamus niger) Biennial X X X X <br /> B Bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare) Biennial X X X X <br /> B Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) Perennial X X <br /> B Dalmatian toadflax(Linaria dalmatica) Perennial X X <br /> B Hoary cress (Cardaria draba) Perennial X X** <br /> B I Houndstongue (Cynoglossum officinale) Biennial X X X X <br /> B Jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) Annual X X X X <br /> B Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula) Perennial X X X X* <br /> B Musk thistle (Carduus nutans) Biennial X X X X X <br /> B Oxeye daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare) Perennial X <br /> B Perennial pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium) Perennial X <br /> B Plumeless thistle (Carduus acanthoides) Biennial X X X X <br /> B Russian knapweed (Acroptilon repens) Perennial X X <br /> B Russian-olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) jPerennial X <br /> B IScotch thistle (Onopordum acanthium/tauricum) jBiennial X Ix X Ix <br /> * Hand-pulling of Leafy Spurge is typically not effective; however,this method is recognized as an acceptable method of reducing seed dispersal in areas <br /> where pesticides are not an option and where leafy spurge presence is very low, such as in Dinosaur National Monument. <br /> ** Mowing must be done repetitively over a long period of time to deplete plant reserves. Works best in combination with chemical methods. <br />