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subsidence effects. The subsidence predictions presented have utilized the same predictive techniques used and <br />validated in previous EC permit applications. <br />Qualified professionals (Collin Stewart, Mining and Subsidence Engineering, Inc.) have prepared the subsidence <br />survey in accordance with the current state-of-the-art of subsidence prediction technology. <br />Planned Minine Methods <br />EC plans to use longwall mining methods to extract the coal resources within the permit area. A detailed discussion <br />of the planned mining methods is discussed in Section 2.05.3, Operation Description. This section summarizes the <br />pertinent aspects of the planned mine layout and operations as they relate to mining -induced subsidence effects. The <br />general mine layouts are presented on the Life -of -Mine Plan Map (Map 22), the No. 5 Mine Plan Map (Map 23), and <br />the No. 6 Mine Plan Map (Map 24). <br />Longwall mining utilizes development openings, or entries, driven into the coal seam to subdivide the mining area <br />into longwall panels. These panels are long and wide compared with the development entries. As mining of the coal <br />in the longwall panels proceeds, the roof is supported mechanically at the mining face. Behind the mining face, the <br />roof is not supported. This unsupported roof is allowed to collapse or cave. Longwall mining is designed to provide <br />maximum resource recovery under conditions of maximum safety to the mining personnel. The main entries will be <br />located along the west side of the longwall block. Mains are developed using a five -entry system. These main entries <br />and the accompanying pillars are designed to remain stable for the life of the mine. The main pillars are designed to <br />support the overlying strata and no pillar extraction is planned. Specific pillar and entry configurations may vary <br />according to mining conditions and the approved MSHA plans. Longwall panels will be developed eastward off the <br />mains. Longwall panels will be developed with a three -entry, two -pillar system. Entry widths will be approximately <br />19 feet. Panel widths will be approximately 600 feet. Entry pillars will be designed to yield after both adjacent <br />Permit Revision 04-34 2.05-55.1 Revised 7/2/04 <br />