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2.2 Determination of Ground Cover <br />Ground cover at each sample point was determined utilizing the point -intercept methodology as <br />illustrated on Figure 1. As indicated on this figure, Cedar Creek utilizes state-of-the-art instrumentation it <br />has pioneered to facilitate much more rapid and accurate collection of data. A transect of 10 meters length <br />was extended in the direction of the next sampling location from the flagged center of each systematically <br />located sample point. At each one -meter interval along the transect, a laser point bar was situated parallel <br />to, and approximately 4.5 to 5.0 feet vertically above the ground surface. A set of 10 readings was taken <br />specifically to record hits on vegetation (by species), litter, standing dead, rock (>2mm), or bare soil. Hits <br />were determined at each meter interval by activating 10 low-energy specialized lasers" situated along the <br />bar at 10 centimeter intervals and recording the variable intercepted by each of the narrowly focused <br />(0.02'1 beams (Figure 1). In this manner, a total of 100 intercepts per transect were recorded resulting in <br />1 percent cover per intercept. This methodology and instrumentation facilitates the collection of the most <br />unbiased, repeatable, and precise ground cover data possible. Identification and nomenclature of plant <br />species follows Colorado Flora: Western Slope (Weber and Wittman, 1996). <br />2.3 Sample Adequacy Determination <br />Sampling within each unit was conducted to 30 samples for Phase II area sampling. From these <br />preliminary efforts, sample means and standard deviations for total non -overlapping vegetation ground <br />cover were calculated. For non -monitoring applications, the typical procedure is that sampling continues <br />until an adequate sample, nn,in, has been collected in accordance with the Cochran formula (below) for <br />determining sample adequacy, whereby the population is estimated to within 10% of the true mean (N) <br />with 90% confidence. <br />— Lasers utilized for this instrument are state-of-the-art and of specialized design to emit a unique electro -magna is <br />wavelength visible under full sunlight, a condition previously not possible with portable low-energy lasers. <br />CEDAR CREEK ASSOCIATES, Inc. 6 Bowie #1 Mine - East Mine - 2016 <br />Phase II Revegetation Evaluation <br />