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the young plants from the soil.Mowing prevent new contributions to the soil seed <br /> or cutting are limited options and must be reserve.Pulling the plants at later stages <br /> timed to prevent the plant from regrowing may require wearing gloves for comfort, <br /> and producing seed.Kochia will continue due to the spike-like inflorescence.In fields, <br /> to produce seed on branches below mowing light tillage can disrupt the young plants <br /> levels.Maintaining healthy pastures or from the soil.Mowing is a limited option <br /> fields will keep kochia from establishing. that must be timed to prevent the plant <br /> Herbicides that will control kochia from being able to regrow and produce <br /> effectively include fluroxypyr(sold under seed,and is best done when the plant <br /> the trade names of Vista and Starane), is beginning to bloom.Desirable plants <br /> Figure 1.Russian thistle seedling. dicamba,and glyphosate.Fluroxypyr and may be damaged if mowing is too low <br /> dicamba are selective herbicides that will Maintaining healthy pastures or fields will <br /> control broadleaf weeds and typically prevent the establishment of Russian thistle. <br /> not injure grasses.2,4-D,that is often Herbicides that will control Russian <br /> applied for kochia control,is not effective. thistle include 2,4-D,dicamba,or <br /> Glyphosate is a non-selective herbicide that glyphosate(sold under the trade name <br /> injures or kills most vegetation contacted. Roundup).Dicamba and 2,4-D are selective <br /> Glyphosate is especially effective for herbicides that will control many broadleaf <br /> controlling large kochia.Kochia biotypes weeds but usually do not injure grasses. <br /> resistant to glyphosate have been found, Glyphosate is a non-selective herbicide that <br /> particularly in wheat-growing regions. can injure or kill most vegetation contacted. <br /> Control from herbicides is best when Chemical control is best applied in the <br /> Figure 2.Kochia seedlings. applied when plants are small and in the spring when plants are rapidly growing. <br /> 2-6 in.stage rather than on small fuzzy Organic chemicals can be used,such <br /> seedlings with little leaf surface area.Use of as those containing acetic acid or clove <br /> a non-ionic surfactant is recommended to oil.These organic herbicides are contact <br /> allow the herbicide to penetrate the hairs materials and largely non-selective,but <br /> and reach the leaf surface.Methylated seed will not control perennials.They are also <br /> oil at 1 to 2 qt/A is recommended when corrosive to skin and respiratory systems, <br /> using fluroxypyr to control large kochia Read the label before purchasing or using <br /> plants. the product. <br /> Organic herbicides,such as those For best results on a stand where <br /> containing acetic acid or clove oil,can both species are present,use a mixture <br /> be used to control kochia.These organic of dicamba plus 2,4-D,or dicamba plus <br /> Figure 3.Mature kochia. herbicides are contact materials and fluroxypyr(Vista). <br /> largely non-selective,but will not control Read and comply with all herbicide <br /> perennials.They are corrosive to both skin labels,organic or nonorganic,for <br /> Integrated Weed and respiratory systems.Read the label application rates,mixing instructions, <br /> Management before purchasing or using the product. protective equipment,re-entry period, <br /> Recommendation Due to the hairs on the kochia leaves,the grazing or harvest restrictions and other <br /> use of surfactants will aid organic herbicide safety information. <br /> The first step to controlling either of absorption. <br /> these plants is to keep current plants from Russian thistle is easily pulled or hoed <br /> producing seed that is added to the seed out,at early growth stages.If plants have <br /> repository in soils.Limit disturbances such already started producing seed,it is best to <br /> as tractor,animal and people traffic through collect the plants and dispose of them to <br /> infested areas to decrease its spread. <br /> Remove tumbleweeds from fence lines to <br /> keep plants from continuing to spread seed. <br /> Kochia has a shallow taproot and can Table 1.Herbicide Treatments <br /> be easily pulled or hoed out at early growth Kochi, Dicamba:Banvel,Clarity, Fiuroxypr:Vista <br /> stages.If it has already started producing Vanquish 1-2 pt/A 1-2 pt/A;use higher <br /> seed,it is best to collect the plants and rate for large plants <br /> dispose of them,preventing further soil Russian thistle Dicamba:Banvel,Clarity, 2,4-D Glyphosate:Roundup <br /> infestation.In fields,light tillage can disrupt Vanquish 1-2 pt/A 1 qt/A 1-1.5 qt/A <br />