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_oxeye daisy (Chrysanthemum leucanthemum) <br /> X_Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) <br /> �X bull thistle(Cirsium vulgare) <br /> Scotch thistle (Onopordum acanthium) <br /> X musk thistle (Carduus nutans) <br /> _cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) <br /> X_Mountain tarweed (Madia glomerata) <br /> TX Common mullein (Verbascum Thapsus) <br /> Management Recommendations <br /> Gravel pits are unique sites with special weed management considerations. They are <br /> continually disturbed and material is regularly hauled off-site. This necessitates different <br /> weed management goals than on other types of property. It is essential that weeds, <br /> including weed seeds, are not spread from this quarry to other areas, and that is the <br /> primary goal of good weed control at this site. This requires an aggressive weed control <br /> program. <br /> There are four main stages to weed control at this quarry: detection, prevention, <br /> treatment, and monitoring. <br /> Detection of noxious weed species begins with a survey of the site prior to disturbance. <br /> Further detection of new weed species is essential, and the property owner shall <br /> continually monitor the property for them. Of particular concern are those weeds on the <br /> County and the State noxious weed lists. <br /> Prevention is a key component of this plan. Those areas that are being reclaimed shall be <br /> re-seeded as soon as possible (and in accordance with any other permits) with a weed- <br /> free mix composed primarily of grasses. (Appendix A provides potentially appropriate <br /> seed mixes, and the local County Extension Agent can help develop any mixes in the <br /> future.) If any hay is used in the reclamation process State Certified Weed Free Hay <br /> shall be used. Seeding is best accomplished in the fall or with a hydro-mulcher. Any <br /> topsoil sold as a part of the permit shall be weed free to prevent weeds from spreading <br /> throughout Routt County. <br /> Treatment of noxious weeds varies by the severity of the infestation, the biology of the <br /> plant, location,time, and money. Biological, chemical, mechanical, and cultural controls <br /> are all important, and to maximize control it is best if more than one method is employed <br /> on each weed infestation. Specific treatments are outlined below. <br /> 2 <br />