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No effective insect biocontrol <br /> agents are available for bull <br /> ?F thistle. <br /> population Because o ulation levels are low <br /> in Larimer County,required <br /> management methods are those <br /> that result in eradication like <br /> herbicide application,digging or <br /> pulling.Grazing,mowing and <br /> insect biocontrol are not <br /> d' ii is .,� •;��,,,, <br /> acceptable forms of treatment in <br /> 130 thi,tle llov cr Larimer County.When digging or <br /> hand pulling it is essential to dig t3u11 thI'd Iosettt <br /> up at least 3-4 inches of the tap- <br /> root to prevent re-growth. <br /> A Top <br /> Scotch thistle (Onopordum acanthium, Onopordum taltriCllnl) <br /> Scotch thistle is a tap-rooted biennial that <br /> reproduces only by seed.Plants typically <br /> germinate in late summer or early fall,over- i <br /> 4 winter as a rosette,bolt and flower in the <br /> r spring or early summer,disperse seed in <br /> mid-summer.Seed longevity is variable but <br /> T can last up to 10 years.Mature plants are 2- <br /> * 10 feet tall and extremely thorny. Scotch <br /> r, thistle is not common in Larimer County but <br /> appears to be spreading.Because population , <br /> levels are low in Larimer County,required <br /> management methods are those that result in <br /> �• ''. eradication like herbicide application, <br /> digging or pulling.Grazing,mowing and <br /> y * insect biocontrol are not acceptable forms of <br /> 4• treatment in Larimer County.When digging <br /> • ' ' „. ` r• t or hand pulling it is essential to dig up at <br /> least 3-4 inches of the tap-root to prevent re- <br /> t tnvil t c p k growth. <br /> ( A dQnse Scotch thistle st�:n d Qiowu,g <br /> ha;1 n= ir <br /> - The most effective herbicides for control of titer hen.An con,p,,.r,:d :o a'ro«t: Male <br /> Scotch thistle are Perspective,Milestone, <br /> Curtail,Redeem,Transline,Tordon,and Telar.Apply anytime from rosette stage to early flowering.Applications after the early <br /> flower stage are not beneficial since the plant can produce viable seed while dying down. <br /> No effective insect biocontrol agents are available for Scotch thistle. <br /> A Top <br /> Hoary alyssum (Berteroa incana) <br /> Hoary alyssum is an annual,biennial or short-lived perennial plant that grows to 2 feet tall and produces white flowers.This <br /> member of the mustard family is commonly found along roadsides and disturbed areas of range and pasture.Hoary alyssum is a <br /> common weed in the Estes Valley,Red Feather Lakes and Loveland areas oOLarimer County and is toxic to horses. <br /> The most effective herbicides for control of hoary alyssum are Escort and Telar. <br />