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and life stage as either seedling, mature, or dead. The presence of dead individuals was recorded but did <br />not contribute to woody plant density calculations. <br />Lifeforms Used in Data Presentation <br />To enhance understanding of the collected data, all data and summary tables are organized by lifeform. <br />Lifeform categories used here reflect both plant growth habit and provenance (place of origin). Categories <br />observed in 2015 were: native annual and biennial forbs, introduced annual and biennial forbs, introduced <br />annual grasses, native perennial forbs, introduced perennial forbs, native perennial grasses and <br />graminoids, introduced perennial grasses, native shrubs, native subshrubs, native trees, ferns, <br />bryophytes (mosses), and succulents. <br />Plant Species Frequency and Density Measurements <br />During the course of cover sampling, all plant species occurring within one meter of either side of the <br />cover sample transect were noted as present. Frequency for each plant species observed during <br />sampling was calculated by dividing the number of sample transects in which the species was observed <br />by the total number of samples (see cover sample distribution by area above). As such, this value is <br />probably more correctly known as constancy. <br />The total number of species within each lifeform observed in each 100 square meter sample provides a <br />measure of "species density", indicating the relative species richness of different areas. This measure <br />provides a means of examining progress toward the return of diverse species composition in the <br />reclaimed areas. <br />Plant Species Listing <br />Scientific names used except as noted follow Weber and Wittmann (2001); common names cited are <br />found in Beetle (1970), Nickerson et al. (1976), or Soil Conservation Service (1979). Cross-reference <br />between older names and revised names used here can be made by referring to Appendix D of this <br />report. <br />During the course of fieldwork, a list of all plant species encountered (quantitative plus incidental <br />observations) was compiled for each potentially affected vegetation type and for the three reference <br />areas. These lists are tabulated in Appendix D, "Species Presence for All Areas." Note that all big <br />sagebrush plants encountered were referred to as Seriphidium tridentatum. Plants referred to here as <br />4 <br />