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cover type by the total number of points taken (100). First hit relative vegetation cover was calculated by <br />dividing first hit absolute cover for each species by the total first hit vegetation cover (see FIRST HIT <br />RELATIVE VEGETATION COVER). All -layer absolute cover (ALL HIT AVERAGE COVER column in data <br />tables) was calculated by dividing all hits (first -hits and additional -hits) for a particular species by the total <br />number of points taken (100). In addition, all -layer relative cover was calculated using all hits for a <br />particular species, divided by the total hits accumulated during sampling of the transect (see ALL HIT <br />RELATIVE VEGETATION COVER). <br />Lifeforms Used in Data Presentation <br />To enhance understanding of the collected data, all data and summary tables are organized by lifeform. <br />Lifeform categories used here reflect both plant growth habit and provenance (place of origin). Categories <br />observed in 2014 were: native annual and biennial forbs, introduced annual and biennial forbs, introduced <br />annual grasses, native perennial forbs, introduced perennial forbs, native perennial grasses and <br />graminoids, introduced perennial grasses, native shrubs, native subshrubs, native trees, ferns, <br />bryophytes (mosses) and succulents. <br />Plant Species Frequency and Density Measurements <br />During the course of cover sampling, all plant species occurring within one meter of either side of the <br />cover sample transect were noted as present. Frequency for each plant species observed during <br />sampling was calculated by dividing the number of sample transects in which the species was observed <br />by the total number of samples (see cover sample distribution by area above). As such, this value is <br />probably more correctly known as constancy. <br />The total number of species within each lifeform observed in each 100 square meter sample provides a <br />measure of "species density ", indicating the relative species richness of different areas. This measure <br />provides a means of examining progress toward the return of diverse species composition in the <br />reclaimed areas. <br />Plant Species Listing <br />Scientific names used except as noted follow Weber and Wittmann (2001); common names cited are <br />found in Beetle (1970), Nickerson et al. (1976), or Soil Conservation Service (1979). Cross - reference <br />between older names and revised names used here can be made by referring to Appendix C of this <br />report. <br />3 <br />