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LOGAN COUNTY, COLORADO Shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, Siberian peashrub and American plum. Openland wildlife such as pheasant, cottontail rabbit and mourning dove are suited to this soil. In cropland areas favorable habitat can be developed by establishing areas for nesting and escape cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is vital and should be included in plans for - habitat development. Tree and shrub plantings along fence lines, irrigation ditches, roadsides and streambanks also help encourage wildlife. Rangeland wildlife, including antelope and jackrabbits, can be en- couraged on grasslands by good livestock grazing management, water developments and types of fencing to permit unrestricted antelope movement. This soil is well suited for the contruction of homesites and other urban developments, with only minor limita- tions that can be easily modified. Where the soil is con - sidered,, for a sewage lagoon system, special sealing methods are required to overcome the excessive seepage. `Capability subclass IVe nonirrigated, IVe irrigated. 13— Badland. This unit consists of steep and very steep barren land dissected by many intermittent drainage channels that have entrenched into the soft shale and siltstone of the Brule Formation and the Algal Limestone of the Ogallala Formation. About 75 percent or ,more of the unit is unvegetated. It is located mainly in , {the northwestern part of the county. Runoff is very high, and geologic erosion is active. Included are small isolated areas of Keota, Mitchell, ` Canyon and Epping soils. These soils support some " ;vegetation with very limited value for grazing by livestock and wildlife. This unit provides protection and cover for livestock and wildlife. .Rocky Mountain juniper and eastern redcedar are trees common in the narrow ravines and valleys. Yellow cur- rant, common chokecherry, squawbusb, wild rose and wild plum are common native shrubs. Onsite investigations are needed for more detailed in- terpretations to determine use and planning at proposed sites. Capability subclass VIIIe nonirrigated. 14— Bankard sand. This is a deep, somewhat exces- sively drained soil on flood plains and low terraces. It formed in stratified sandy recent alluvium deposited by intermittent streams. Average annual precipitation ranges from 15 to 19 inches. Slopes are nearly level. Included in this unit are small areas of Glenberg sandy loam; 0 to 3 percent slopes. Typically the surface layer is brown sand about 3' inches thick. The underlying layer is yellowish brown and very pale brown gravelly sand stratified with thin lenses of sandy loam and loam to 60 inches or more. Permeability is rapid. Effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. Available water capacity is low. Surface runoff is slow, the water erosion hazard is slight, and the soil blowing hazard is moderate. This soil is subject to a frequent flooding hazard during spring and summer months. 21 This soil is best suited for and used almost entirely for grazing. The rangeland vegetation of this soil consists mainly of sand bluestem, blue grama, sand reedgrass, sand drop - seed, needleandthread, and switchgrass. Sand sagebrush is interspersed with the grasses. To maintain a productive growth of forage plants, proper grazing use is essential. When proper grazing use is combined with deferred graz- ing and planned grazing systems, the vegetation is further benefited. Fencing is necessary for grazing management on this soil to separate it from other grazed units. Brush management . is applicable when sand sagebrush becomes excessively dense. Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally not suited to this soil. Onsite investigation is needed to determine if plantings are feasible. Rangeland wildlife such as antelope, cottontail and coyote are best adapted on this soil. Proper livestock grazing management is necessary if livestock and wildlife share the rangeland. Watering facility developments are also important and are utilized by various wildlife species. The position of this soil in relation to croplands makes it valuable as escape cover areas for openland wildlife, espe- cially pheasants. Where this soil is considered for homesites and other urban developments, the primary limiting soil feature is frequent flooding. Intensive and costly compensating measures such as embankments and elevated building pads are needed to minimize this soil condition. Capability subclass VIw nonirrigated, IVw irrigated. 15-- Bayard- Canyon complex, 1 to 9 percent slopes. These gently to moderately sloping soils are on upland ridges in the eastern part of the county. The average an- nual precipitation ranges from 17 to 19 inches. Bayard loamy sand, 1 to 9 percent slopes, makes up about 65 per- cent of the unit, and Canyon gravelly loam, 1 to 9 percent slopes, makes up about 30 percent. The Bayard soil is at midslope' and on foot slopes. The Canyon soil is on ridge crests and nearly level flats. Included in this unit are small areas of Haxtun loamy sand, 3 to 5 percent slopes, on foot slope positions. The Bayard soil is a deep, well drained soil. It formed in calcareous, sandy alluvial and eolian materials. Typically the surface layer is grayish brown loamy sand about 12 inches thick. The underlying layer is light brownish gray and light gray, calcareous sandy loam about 21 inches thick over a light brown, calcareous sandy loam that extends to 60 inches. Permeability is rapid. Effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. Available water capacity is moderate. Surface runoff is slow, the water erosion hazard is slow, and the soil blowing hazard is moderate. The Canyon soil is a shallow, well drained soil. It formed in a thin mantle of calcareous, loamy alluvial and eolian materials underlain by calcareous sandstone. Typically the surface layer is a dark grayish brown, cal- careous gravelly loam about 3 inches thick and 15 percent calcareous sandstone fragments. The underlying layer is a