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Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity The recommended maximum contact stress developed at the interface of the <br /> foundation element and the supporting material. <br /> Backfill A specified material placed and compacted in a confined area. <br /> Base Course A layer of specified material placed on a subgrade or subbase. <br /> Base Course Grade Top of base course. <br /> Bench A horizontal surface in a sloped deposit. <br /> Caisson A concrete foundation element cast in a circular excavation which may <br /> have an enlarged base. Sometimes referred to as a cast-in-place pier. <br /> Concrete Slabs-On-Grade A concrete surface layer cast directly upon a base, subbase or subgrade. <br /> Crushed Rock Base Course A base course composed of crushed rock of a specified gradation. <br /> Differential Settlement Unequal settlement between or within foundation elements of a structure. <br /> Engineered Fill Specified material placed and compacted to specified density and/or moisture <br /> conditions under observations of a representative of a soil engineer. <br /> Existing Fill Materials deposited through the action of man prior to exploration of the site. <br /> Existing Grade The ground surface at the time of field exploration. <br /> Expansive Potential The potential of a soil to expand (increase in volume) due to absorption <br /> of moisture. <br /> Fill Materials deposited by the actions of man. <br /> Finished Grade The final grade created as a part of the project. <br /> Gravel Base Course A base course composed of naturally occurring gravel with a specified <br /> gradation. <br /> Heave Upward movement <br /> Native Grade The naturally occurring ground surface. <br /> Native Soil Naturally occurring on-site soil. <br /> Rock A natural aggregate of mineral grains connected by strong and permanent <br /> cohesive forces. Usually requires drilling, wedging, blasting or other <br /> methods of extraordinary force for excavation. <br /> Sand and Gravel Base A base course of sand and gravel of a specified gradation. <br /> Sand Base Course A base course composed primarily of sand of a specified gradation. <br /> Scarify To mechanically loosen soil or break down existing soil structure. <br /> Settlement Downward movement. <br /> Soil Any unconsolidated material composed of discrete solid particles, derived <br /> from the physical and/or chemical disintegration of vegetable or mineral <br /> matter, which can be separated by gentle mechanical means such as <br /> agitation in water. <br /> Strip To remove from present location. <br /> Subbase A layer of specified material placed to form a layer between the subgrade <br /> and base course. <br /> Subbase Grade Top of subbase. <br /> Subgrade Prepared native soil surface. <br /> Geotechnical Western PLATE <br /> Environmental ntal Technologies Inc. <br /> Inspect DEFINITION OF TERMINOLOGY q_1 <br /> The Quality People <br /> Materials Since 1955 <br /> 081 W T I <br /> 092799 <br />