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FIELD METHODS <br />The survey was limited by heavy vegetation; ground cover ranged from 80 -to -100 <br />percent overall. A 100 percent pedestrian cultural resources survey of the block area was made <br />by crews of two to four persons that walked transects spaced at an average of 20 meters apart <br />in areas not restricted by vegetation and steep slopes. Crew members worked from USGS 7.5' <br />series maps. A total of approximately 1850 acres was inventoried. <br />Cultural resources were sought as surface exposures and were characterized as sites or <br />isolated finds. A site is the locus of previous human activity (50 year minimum) at which the <br />preponderance of evidence suggests either a one -time use or repeated use overtime, or multiple <br />classes of activities. For example: a) Isolated thermal features such as hearths are to be <br />designated as sites, due to the interpretable function of such utilization and the potential for <br />chronometric and economic data of recovery, b) Single element rock art panels are to be <br />designated as sites due to the interpretable nature of such an event and the potential <br />diagnostic value of the motif, c) Similarly, isolated human burials are to be designated as sites, <br />or d) Loci exhibiting ground stone and flake stone in association. <br />An isolate refers to one or more culturally modified objects not found in the context of <br />a site as defined above. Note that this definition makes no reference to an absolute quantitative <br />standard for the site /isolate distinction. For example: a) A discrete concentration of flakes <br />from the same material regardless of the number of artifacts present likely represents a single, <br />random event and is properly designated as an isolate, or b) Similarly, a ceramic pot bust is to <br />be recorded as an isolate, regardless of the number of sherds that remain. <br />All cultural resources that qualified as sites, such as prehistoric open camps, lithic <br />scatters, occupied overhangs /rockshelters, and evidence of historic occupation and use were <br />recorded and evaluated for determining eligibility for nomination to the National Register of <br />Historic Places (NRHP) as they were encountered to standards set by the USFS, BLM and the <br />OAHP. <br />Data collection was conducted by mapping observed artifacts, artifact concentrations, <br />and features using a Trimble Geo XT unit in conjunction with USGS quadrangle maps that <br />incorporated a 1000m grid. Photographs were taken at each site that included general views <br />and photographs of specific artifacts and features when warranted. Field notes were taken, <br />including descriptions of the cultural manifestations, vegetation, and soils. Field notes and <br />photo negatives are on file at Grand River Institute, while the photographs have been submitted <br />to the BLM -UFO. No artifacts were collected. <br />CULTURAL RESOURCES STUDY FINDINGS <br />This portion of the report presents a discussion of site significance evaluation and <br />provides a general description of the revisited and newly- recorded sites. The field conditions <br />15 <br />