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Cover <br />Observed cover values and derivation of the 2013 herbaceous cover standard are compiled /documented <br />in the table below: <br />Seneca IN 2013 <br />Vegetation Type <br />Mean <br />Cover* <br />% of Affected <br />Area <br />Sagebrush /Snowberry a <br />25.8 <br />31.3 <br />Mountain Brush 3 <br />30.2 <br />34.5 <br />Aspen Woodland a <br />55.5 <br />11.0 <br />Steep Mountain Brush b <br />15.1 <br />12.8 <br />Alkali Sage./West. Whtgrs. <br />22.3 <br />10.4 <br />2006 Reclamation Area <br />26.9 <br />NA <br />2011 Reclamation Area <br />7.0 <br />NA <br />*Percent "all -hit" cover (absolute) by herbaceous species as corrected for "allowable" annual and biennial <br />cover (i.e. no more than 10 percent relative cover allowed, See CDMG 1995, 1.N.A.). Cover by noxious <br />weed species, if any, also subtracted. <br />a Seneca IN extended reference area values from data collected in 2013 <br />b Seneca IN extended reference area values from data collected in 2012 <br />The "All -hit" ref. area cover standard for 2013 (Mean allowable cover weighted by % of Affected Area) _ <br />28.9% <br />90 percent of 2013 ref. area cover standard = 0.9 x 28.9% = 26.0% <br />As can be seen in Figure 1 a, the mean allowable total "all hit" herbaceous cover observed in the seven - <br />year old 2006 Reclaimed Area was slightly above the 90 percent of the standard set by the reference <br />areas. The very young (two -year old) 2011 Reclamation fell well short of the standard of allowable cover. <br />In 2008 when the two -year old (then) 2006 Reclamation was sampled, the allowable herbaceous cover <br />was 9% in the reclaimed and 90% of the standard was 33.7 %. This pattern has been observed <br />previously; two -year old revegetation is still developing and hence a situation in which the allowable cover <br />of two -year old reclamation does not reach 90% of the standard is not necessarily indicative of a problem. <br />In addition, the high frequency of occurrence for many of the desirable perennial seeded and volunteer <br />species indicate the potential for rapid community development in the next few years which has also been <br />commonly observed in long term monitoring. <br />