2013-11-22_REVISION - M2000014 (7)

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• 42 about 37 to 42 degrees F, and the frost -free season is about 35 to 75 days. Small areas of Harsha loam and Leavitt loam are in- cluded in mapping. Also included are a few small areas of Cryorthents, Rock outcrop, and soils that are calcare- ous above 40 inches but are otherwise similar to the Tine soils. Typically the surface layer of this Tine soil is brown cobbly sandy foam about 14 inches thick. The upper 9 inches of the underlying material is pale brown very cobbly loamy sand. The lower part is extremely cobbly sand that extends to 60 inches or more. Permeability is rapid. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. The available water capacity is low. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is high. Most of the acreage is rangeland. Part of it is used for recreation and wildlife. A small acreage is irrigated and used for hay. The cold climate and short growing season limit the production of introduced grasses and preclude the use of this soil as cropland. Muttongrass, bluebunch wheatgrass, and big sage- brush dominate the rangeland vegetation. Big sagebrush becomes dominant as range condition deteriorates. Grazing management is needed to maintain range condition. Brush control can improve range condition where big sagebrush has become dominant if there is enough grass to respond. The site cannot be seeded with a drill because of stones and steep slopes. This soil provides winter range for mule deer and elk. Other wildlife include sage grouse, jackrabbit, cottontail, and coyote. Managing livestock grazing and controlling sagebrush are necessary to protect the big game winter range. Steep slopes, large stones, and seepage are the soil properties most limiting to community development. If saturated, banks cut in excavations are likely to cave in. Cut slopes should be designed to minimize potential soil slippage. The capability subclass is Vlls. 84— Tolman stony loam, 15 to 50 percent slopes. This shallow, well drained, moderately steep to steep soil is on mountainsides at elevations of 6,600 to 7,800 feet. In a few areas, the slope is steeper than 50 percent. The soil formed in residuum from granite and sandstone. The average annual precipitation is about 11 to 14 inches, the average annual air temperature is about 35 to 42 degrees F, the average summer air temperature is about 61 degrees F, and the frost -free season is about 60 to 110 days. Small areas of Boettcher and Dahlquist soils are in- cluded in mapping. Also included are a few small areas of Rock outcrop. Typically the Tolman soil has a brown stony loam surface layer about 7 inches thick. The subsoil is brown very gravelly sandy clay loam about 10 inches thick. Hard granite is at a depth of 17 inches. SOIL SURVEY Permeability is moderate. The available water capacity is very low. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is moderate. Most of the acreage is range. Part of it is used for wildlife and recreation. The cold climate and short grow- ing season limit the production of introduced grasses and of wood crops. Bluebunch wheatgrass, western wheatgrass, squirrel - tail, and big sagebrush dominate the rangeland vegeta- tion. Shrubby species become dominant as range condi- tion declines. Some pinyon and juniper may invade the site. Grazing management is needed to maintain the site. Where shrubs have become dominant, brush control may be needed to improve range condition. The site is generally too steep and too stony to be seeded. This soil provides winter range for mule deer and elk. Other wildlife include sage grouse, jackrabbit, cottontail, and coyote. Managing livestock grazing and controlling sagebrush are necessary to protect the big game winter range. Depth to bedrock and large and small stones are the soil properties most limiting to community development. The capability subclass is Vlls. 85— Torriorthents -Rock outcrop complex, steep. These steep to very steep soils are on mountainsides at elevations of 6,600 to 7,800 feet. The average annual precipitation is 11 to 14 inches, the average annual air temperature is 35 to 42 degrees F, the average annual summer air temperature is 61 degrees F, and the frost - free season is 80 to 110 days. This unit is 60 percent Torriorthents, 25 percent Rock outcrop, and 15 percent a few small areas of Dahlquist, Stunner, and Boettcher soils. Torriorthents are shallow to deep, well drained soils that formed in material weathered from sandstone and shale. The surface layer is light colored stony or cobbly loam to sandy clay loam. The underlying material is stony, cobbly, or gravelly sandy loam to clay. Shale or sandstone material is at a depth of 10 to 60 inches or more. The content of stones, cobbles, or gravel through- out the profile ranges from 15 to 60 percent. Surface runoff is rapid, and the erosion hazard is high. Rock outcrop is exposed shale or sandstone. . This unit is rangeland and wildlife habitat. The potential native vegetation is dominantly pinyon pine, juniper, wheatgrass, Indian ricegrass, mountainma- hogany, and some big sagebrush (fig. 17). Range condi- tion deteriorates as woody shrubs increase. Wildlife include sage grouse, mule deer, elk, jackrabbit, and coyote. Managing livestock grazing is necessary tc protect the big game winter range. Steep slopes and depth to bedrock are the soil prop- erties most limitrng to community development. Road design should include drainage outlets for surface runoff. The capability subclass is Vlls.