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<br />THE NEW YOI<}: TiMES, SUNDAY, FEBRUARY !4, 1971
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<br />P~o!:~!:~l eur;} a(!!! DV The New York Timrs Company
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<br />.ADOLPH t-). oem:, P1LbliJh.:r 13;;';.1~SS
<br />. JJ:UIcr: RAYS :::iULZDEItG!'J:,l'l'b!i:;hr.:- 1:J;;-19C!
<br />"ORiIL !:.mU70::-IS, Pl-.<~!!sh(r l:iSl.196.J
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<br />}.r-THOR OCH:l SU!..'~I',yr((:m,
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<br />..
<br />the; Environm~l1tal Conflict
<br />
<br />. Th,':!7 ~ i; ti.h~ dCi:;e:' probt;-i':l of motivation, A corllo-
<br />r::to 1,~ani'.':':~!' has hi.; ntt(;ntion foclIsed: an plofit targcls
<br />C"_':1d pr(~dur.tiCln sch-.;dules. He' hJ.s a naturnr rcsistJ.nce
<br />to - t.:tl;:ine into account environmental ('osls, ::;ome of
<br />fI':"":l~th mi;\Y be invisible, incalculable or \Try !ollg-t(;rl1l,
<br />; 1-1,. :ki:'id Dr rMTientatioll or fe-cducation is gning tl' ha\'c
<br />ttc ,occur if ecologic<11 con::;idcfL.:.tions Rie going to enter
<br />(~:-r.i:;i\'ely, illt" his thinking.
<br />P,.~~tdent Nixon perhaps did llis husines.':; ;uuiicllcc
<br />.:.:. -.':ii3St:'1....iC2 .in ~Ubi;.::slillg to them thJt this tral1sitiorl
<br />Coln be ~mo()th or effortless, prl,bahly it c('In only come
<br />~tr::Jllt; at le~st in p;\rt, by the cl?sh-sUll1ctil1lcs angry
<br />i"cn..;.1.' hCli~y-"r bu.:;ine.'i:;mta Wil,h governmenL officio1ls
<br />&li(j. citilen conscr'Vutionisl~ who instincti....ely put en-
<br />:\-:ronm<::ntal vah~cs ahe~!d of profit.~ in every r-;ituaLioll,
<br />~ -.It:. i~ urLh:::lpful to ~ug~,p.st, as the Prrsidrnt did, thaL
<br />tll.r..::.~ -b:.ttlcs involve a 5carch for "sc"p~goats" or an
<br />efiol"t "to b~at bu!'ifiess ovcr the head," No sophistkCllcd
<br />con:t.~r~..:'Jiollist thinl~s oi individu<ll cfJrporatc managers
<br />a~ 'villains. Ir.':lc~J, many dedicated cOllservationi.sts
<br />are thClns~lves bll~incss C}:ccuth-cs, Wbttl. is involved
<br />~~ !I.'conflict ~r values. It is tlw l:onfliet bel\,y'cen those
<br />,who s~s:,tn?n.a~ 1113ster::; of the e3rth, free La minc i~s
<br />topsoil, or h,:{o:ll th.::! water ~r darken the sky i( cconomic
<br />T:~C~S!;:ty l'(qUlr~;; ::;;.t::'.h actlOil, al~J tilt):;::;; WilU :;cc m:w
<br />a;; tlt~ c2rt.h'~ r.uests Y:ilh the responsibilities and grJCJcl
<br />nE11\n€,r.:: or (', ~u~st.
<br />In .this philo:lopbicaI conflict, the Presidcnt refuses to
<br />ccmm.it. hi-n\sclf. He projXlses many excellent cnviroll-
<br />P..\~i\tal ,'ll1casur~s which plc3sE" C01!:.t::I'\'ationists, hut
<br />h~ often talks the old-fr:1shic..ncd laI1i;ua?,c of the profits.
<br />f~r~t businessman, .Thi;:; ambiguity e:\tcnds tl) his Cl.ctiol\~,
<br />Hi~ reJ:!ntt~~s fight for the supersonic tri.U1SljOrl: pl<lnc
<br />r.ozs counter Lo h::> proposals on air and naise pollution.
<br />~l:~pt ior v:o.ler sewcge treatment plant.c;, his bllclget
<br />rcql1.2sts arc substantially below Congressional authori-
<br />z(\tion~,
<br />. Th.:; harn10ny b~twecIl b'.Jsincss, conserv.:~lionisls and
<br />t'J_v~mlt\::'nt in the c:lvironmeiHal ficld which the J'rpsl-
<br />dent procbil1l5 is th.eoreticalfy attainablc, . But it can
<br />only _(:om::: about 1hrOl!?h .._ fundall1~nl.ltl reconciliatiul1.
<br />of .th~ dirr~ring philosophies no..." held by the \'arif)ll~;
<br />D"rU.cip~nts. No such recDllciEation is lil~ely to c'.'olvc
<br />it the Prcsidei1t and other leaders believe that the COIl-
<br />f!ict:b~twe~l1 envircnmental \'all1'~s and growlh-..{s-u:iUal
<br />C2l'l b;::: (:v~,rled. or p1p~red O\'Ci".
<br />
<br />;', . Frc-s,h air,"and clean walrr and (l healthy environment
<br />are cssenti<tI if. human beings are to enjoy a lifc '....orlh
<br />)iving 'on. this crowded pl;-mct. But economic growth is
<br />ncce:'ir,;"ry if thr. nation i5 to avoid worsenIng l1nei1lp1oy~
<br />mc~t ~n.i fl_ depressed standard of Jiving. Lasl \'Iecl~
<br />-rr~sictGnt. Nixon. manRgcd to position himself on both
<br />.siclr.5 o! this' complex issue,
<br />":-: O~ Monday the Presidellt sent to Congrc;,s oR mcs5a~c
<br />on th'e envir,)iwlent which was comprehensive and pro-
<br />.gl'essive, On Wcdnesdi1Y, speaking to the Nal iomtl
<br />Industrial Pollution Control Council, which includes the
<br />offiCers of man:," mRjor polluters, he said Jp.a.c;.:;uril1g1y.
<br />:"rd~, not s'el! the problem of clcrllling lIP the environment
<br />as :~.in~ one of tbe people versus business, of go\'em-
<br />liHmt vcrsu~ business,"
<br />.:'-,Th~:i> che'ery 'informal remarks ahout harmony do
<br />not .jnv411:~ate th-:: ~pcciric recommendations of his mes-
<br />snec to Congress, bEt they do point IIp the problcm in-
<br />'lf~i."crLt in ~he contc-mporary dri\'e for improvcd envirQu-
<br />n1enlal. qu~lity. Ecollomics and ecology do not cd\'/Rj's
<br />go .:h:1nd. in h<::nd. ]P5lailiFlE; cxp(;t)~i\ i:: l'uiiLli.ion-c(J'llr'.ll
<br />~quipi1l~nt (',nct proccsse,r;; may he corporate g()od citizen-
<br />~hip- but. that is not m::ccgsarily good for profits. Tll'~
<br />C'-O!\t9 crtnnot always b~ pClsscd on to the COIlSllll1rr in
<br />'~lo.Jorm o! higl:er prices. A change-over llwy give a
<br />comr~Utor' a ,temporary hut costly' c.dv:1lllage, As A(il,li
<br />.StE:\"~:!150n used to say, "Th(:r~ are no gains withoul
<br />p:.tinG.". .
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