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<br />Tailwater Recovery Systems <br /> <br />Tailwater recovery systems collect, store and transport irrigation <br />tailvater for re-use in the farm irrigation distribution system. They <br />help conserve farm irrigation water supplies and enhance water quality. <br />Tailwater systems are adapted for use on sloping lands that are served <br />by an irrigation system where recoverable irrigation runoff occurs. <br /> <br />A sump or pit is necessary to store the collected tailwater until <br />it is to be redistributed, and return facilities are needed to convey <br />the tailwater to the point of re-entry into the farm irrigation system. <br />All pipelines, ditches, and pumping plants should be constructed in <br />accordance with appropriate engineering standards. <br /> <br />Water Erosion Control <br /> <br />.;<. <br /> <br />Water erosion is the aajor source of sediment. <br />buted to water erosion, such as climate, topography <br />generally uncontrollable. However, methods such as <br />cover crops are available to reduce water erosion. <br /> <br />Some factors attri- <br />and soil types, are <br />crop rotations and <br /> <br />Grassed Waterways with Irrigation <br /> <br />..;; <br /> <br />Grassed waterways are natural or constructed outlets, shaped to <br />required dimensions and established with erosion-resistant vegetation. <br />They are used for safe disposal of runoff from fields, diversions, ter- <br />races, and other conservation measures. Grassed waterways are a basic <br />conservation practice commonly used by farmers. Stable outlets to trans- <br />port concentrated runoff are vital to the functioning of most conservation <br />systems. <br /> <br />~:-. <br /> <br />The most satisfactory location for a waterway is a well-vegetated <br />natural draw. Some shaping or enlarging may be required to handle the <br />increased flow. In this case, the design and construction should provide <br />a stable channel. <br /> <br />-' <br /> <br />A pasture or meadow strip may be used in lieu of a constructed or <br />natural waterway. The strip should be wide enough to carry the volume <br />of flow. The type and density of vegetation should be adequate to with- <br />stand expected flow velocities. In arid areas irrigation is needed to <br />establish and maintain grassed waterways. <br /> <br />~:.f;.) <br /> <br />Crop Rotation <br /> <br />Different crops are grown in a sequential pattern on the same field. <br />In a crop rotation system, combinations of crops provide opportunities <br />for maintaining soil productivity and reducing soil erosion. <br /> <br />Sod-forming grasses and legume crops, used in rotation with row <br />crops, are highly effective in maintaining the soil structure and tilth <br />and in reducing soil and nutrient losses by erosion. In addition, the <br /> <br />B-4 <br /> <br />" (.,.. r"" 0-' <br />:t~t ,"v~) <br />