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WSP07706
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Last modified
1/26/2010 2:28:33 PM
Creation date
10/12/2006 2:32:24 AM
Metadata
Fields
Template:
Water Supply Protection
File Number
8200.765
Description
White River General
State
CO
Basin
Yampa/White
Water Division
6
Date
1/1/1993
Author
USGS
Title
Sediment Transport and Water-Quality Characteristics and Loads - White River - Northwestern Colorado - Water Years 1975 through 1988
Water Supply Pro - Doc Type
Report/Study
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<br />O~275S <br /> <br />estimates of annual suspended-sediment loads at sites 5 <br />and 6 for water years 1975-82. 1\vo regressions were <br />determined from correlations of measured annual sus- <br />pended-sediment loads at sites 5 and 6 with measured <br />annual suspended-sediment loads at site 4 for water <br />years 1983-88. A second pair of regressions was <br />determined from correlations of measured annual <br />suspended-sediment loads at sites 5 and 6 (water years <br />1983-88) with annual stream discharge at sites 5 and 6 <br />(water years 1983-88). Differences between regression <br />values and measured values generally were less than <br />20 percent for the first pair of regressions and generally <br />were less than 10 percent for the second pair of regres- <br />sions. <br /> <br />Regression estimates of annual suspended-sedi- <br />ment loads at site 6 were increased by 130,000 tons <br />during water year 1978. The adjustment is based on a <br />daily value of 132,000 tons measured at station <br />09306300 above Rangely on September 8, 1978. The <br />large daily suspended-sediment load at station <br />09306300 occurred 1 day after an intense storm in the <br />Yellow Creek Basin. The storm caused about <br />290,000 tons of sediment to discharge to the White <br />River between sites 5 and 6 (U.S. Geological Survey, <br />1978-86). <br /> <br />Regression values from regression pairs of <br />annual suspended-sediment loads at sites 5 and 6 for <br />water years 1975-82 were compared with the measured <br />annual suspended-sediment loads at site 4 and station <br />09306300 (table 5). Best estimates of annual sus- <br />pended-sediment loads at site 5 for water years 1975- <br />82 and at site 6 for water years 1975, 1978-79, and <br />1982 were obtained from the second pair of regressions <br />(suspended-sediment loads and annual stream dis- <br />charge). Regression estimates of annual suspended- <br />sediment loads at site 6 for water years 1976-77 and <br />1980-81 did not compare well with measured values at <br />site 4 and station 09306300. The regression values <br />were for years when annual stream discharges were <br />less than 500,000 acre-ft and generally less than the <br />stream-discharge range used in the regressions. Thus, <br />for water years 1976-77 and 1980-81, the annual sus- <br />pended-sediment loads at site 6 were obtained by aver- <br />aging the annual suspended-sediment loads determined <br />for site 5 and the measured annual suspended-sediment <br />loads at station 09306300. Correlation of estimated <br />and measured values of annual suspended-sediment <br />loads for sites 5 and 6 and measured values of annual <br />suspended-sediment loads at site 4 and station <br /> <br />09306300 with annual stream discharge are shown in <br />figure 9. <br /> <br />Maximum and minimum daily suspended- <br />sediment loads and annual suspended-sediment loads <br />for the White River for water years 1975-88 are listed <br />in table 5; statistical summaries of annual suspended- <br />sediment loads for sites 1-6 and for the combined loads <br />of sites 1 and 2 (site 3A) are shown in figure 10. Annual <br />suspended-sediment loads in the White River ranged <br />from slightly more than 2,100 tons at sites 1 and 2 to <br />about 2 million tons at site 6. Average annual sus- <br />pended-sediment loads were least in the North Fork <br />(site I, about 11,500 tons) and South Forks (site 2, <br />about 11,100 tons) and greatest at site 6 (about <br />705,000 tons). A comparison of annual loads of sus- <br />pended sediment in the main stem of the White River <br />indicates that sediment loads increased gradually <br />between sites 3A and 4 and increased greatly down- <br />stream from site 4. The increases in sediment loads <br />downstream from site 4 probably resulted from the <br />intermittent inputs of fluvial sediment from semiarid <br />basins and from the seasonal inputs of fluvial sediment <br />from the perennial streams, Piceance and Yellow <br />Creeks. <br /> <br />Comparison of bar graphs of annual suspended- <br />sediment loads (fig. 10) for the river segments (river <br />subbasins) indicates that the subbasin between sites 4 <br />and 5 generally was the principal source of fluvial sed- <br />iment during years of moderate to low streamflow. <br />Irrigation diversions that transported unmeasured <br />quantities of suspended sediment from the White River <br />upstream from site 3 probably caused an underestima- <br />tion of suspended-sediment loads between sites 3 and <br />3A. During years of high stream discharge (water <br />years 1983-86), precipitation in the low-elevation <br />basins was extensive, and greater quantities of sedi- <br />ment entered the White River between sites 5 and 6 <br />than between sites 4 and 5. Although shales and silt- <br />stones are the most common rocks in the river sub- <br />basins between sites 3 and 6, the natural and agricul- <br />tural vegetation cover is more extensive in the river <br />subbasin between sites 3 and 4 than in the subbasins <br />between sites 4 and 6. The vegetation cover in the <br />subbasin between sites 3 and 4 probably decreased <br />sediment erosion and transport compared with the <br />downstream subbasins. In the high-elevation basins <br />upstream from site 3, natural vegetation cover is even <br />more extensive, and exposed rocks mo&t1y are indu- <br />rated sandstones and siltstones, which substantially <br />decreased sediment erosion and transport. <br /> <br />SEDIMENT TRANSPORT 19 <br />
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