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<br />Relative inaccessibility and a time lag in
<br />construction of reservoirs in Mexico has isolated that
<br />region from introduced fishes. Populations of non,
<br />native fishes are only now becoming available to
<br />invade and populate Mexican watersheds, and
<br />interactions among introduced and native species in
<br />that country are only beginning. The borrom line is,
<br />when non-native fishes become dominant, native
<br />fishes disappear. This parrern has been repeared wirh
<br />minor exceptions throughout western U niced States,
<br />and may be predicted with confidence in Mexico,
<br />
<br />This ends the presentation, with the hypothesis
<br />that biological interactions are the ultimate factor
<br />causing disappearance of native fishes in the United
<br />Srares, even where physical and chemical condirions
<br />tesemble the narural state. The "how" of species
<br />replacement has been avoided, other than by
<br />pronouncement and inference, and is left to future
<br />research. Unique possibilities exist to test these ideas
<br />through experimentation under field conditions, and
<br />to apply rhe findings to perpetuation of narive fishes
<br />and natural aquatic systems, if humans chose to do so.
<br />
<br />APPENDIX I. SELECTED REFERENCES ON AQUATIC HABITATS
<br />AND FISHES OF THE AMERICAN SOUTHWEST
<br />
<br />Brown. D. E" ediror. 1982. Bioric Communities of
<br />rhe American Southwest, U nired Srates and Mexico.
<br />Desert Plants 4(Special Issue) (Boyce Thompson
<br />Arborerum. Superior, Arizona).
<br />
<br />Deacon, J. E. 1979. Endangered and threatened
<br />fishes of the west. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs 3:
<br />41-64,
<br />
<br />Deacon, J. E. and W. L Minckley, 1974. Desert
<br />Fishes. Pp. 385-488, In G. W, Brown, Jr., editor.
<br />Desert Biology. Volume Il. Academic Press, New York.
<br />
<br />Deacon, J. E., G. C. Kobetich. J. D, Williams, S.
<br />Contreras B., and others. 1979. Fishes of North
<br />America-Endangered, threatened, or of special
<br />concern, 1979, Fisheries (American Fisheries Soc;iety)
<br />4(2): 29-44.
<br />
<br />Everhart. W. R. and W. R. Seaman. 197 I. Fishes of
<br />Colorado, Colorado Game, Fish, and Parks Division,
<br />Denver.
<br />
<br />Hendrickson. D. A., W. L. Minckley, R. R, Miller,
<br />D, J. Siebert, and p, H. Minckley. 1981. Fishes of
<br />the Rio Yaqui basin, Mexico and United States.
<br />journal of the Arizona,Nevada Academy of Sciences
<br />15(1980): 65-106.
<br />
<br />Hocurr, C. H. and E. O. Wiley, 1986. The
<br />Zoogeography of North American Freshwater Fishes, John
<br />Wiley and Sons, New York.
<br />
<br />Johnson,]. E. 1987, Protected fishes of the United StaleS
<br />and Canada. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda,
<br />Maryland,
<br />
<br />Johnson,]. E, and]. N. Rinne, 1982. The
<br />endangered species acr and southwesr fishes, Fisheries
<br />(American Fisheries Society), 7(2): 2-8,
<br />
<br />Koster, W. J. 1957. Guide to the Fishes of New Mexico.
<br />University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque,
<br />
<br />LaRivers, I. 1962. Fish and Fisheries of Nevada. 1962.
<br />Nevada Srate Fish and Game Commission, Carson
<br />City.
<br />
<br />Miller, R, R. 196 I. Man and rhe changing fish fauna
<br />of the American Southwest. Papers of the Michigan
<br />Academy of Science, Arts, and Leflers 46: 365-404.
<br />
<br />Miller, R. R. 1972. Threatened freshwater fishes of
<br />the United Srates. Transactions of the American Fisheries
<br />Society 101: 239-252.
<br />
<br />Miller, R. R" editor. 1977. Red Data Book, Pisces.
<br />Vol"me 4. Internarional Union for Conservation of
<br />Narure and Narural Resources (lUCN), Morges,
<br />Switzerland.
<br />
<br />Miller, R. R.,]. D. Williams, and]. E. Williams,
<br />1989. Extincrions of North American fishes during
<br />the past century. Firheries (American Fisheries
<br />Sociery) 14(6): 22-30, 32-38.
<br />
<br />Miller, W. H" H. M. Tyus, and C. A, Carlson,
<br />editors, 1982. Fishes of the Upper Colorado River System:
<br />Present and Fut"re. American Fisheries Society,
<br />Bethesda, Maryland,
<br />
<br />Minckley. W. L 1973. Fishes of Arilona. Arizona
<br />Game and Fish Department, Phoenix.
<br />
<br />Minckley, W, L. and]. E. Deacon, editors, 1991.
<br />Baffle Against Extinction: Native Fish Management in the
<br />American WeJt. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
<br />
<br />Moyle, p, B, 1976. Inland Fishes of California.
<br />University of California Press, Berkeley.
<br />
<br />Naiman, R.]. and D. L. Soltz, editors. 1981. Fishes
<br />in North American Deserts, John Wiley and Sons, New
<br />York.
<br />
<br />Ono, R, D.,]. D. Williams, and A. Wagner. 1983.
<br />Vanishing Fishes of North America, Stone Wall Press,
<br />Washingron, D, C.
<br />
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