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<br />Federal Register I Vol. 46. No. 128 I Monday, July 6, 1981 I Notices
<br />
<br />35061
<br />
<br />Table 1.-Pres6nt iJnd ProjecttKl Dep!ebOns-Conlinued
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<br />Table 2 contains estimaled present
<br />and future surface water outflows from
<br />the selecled synfuels development areas
<br />and from the Basin. Estimates of the
<br />outflows were derived from the
<br />depletions presented in Tab]e 1 and
<br />from basinwide reservoir operation
<br />
<br />studies that used the Colorado River
<br />Simulation System of the U,S. Bureau of
<br />Reclamation, The period of hydrologic
<br />record was 1906-1974. It should be noted
<br />that the natural surface water supply for
<br />shorter periods within this overall
<br />period wHsless than the long-term
<br />
<br />Tab'- 2.-AnnulJ/ Present and FVWrtl SurfSCI1 Water CNrtfcws
<br />1I.000__'yMrl
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<br />average. For exa'mple. the estimated
<br />natural outflow from the Upper Basin for
<br />the period 1900-74 was 15.2 maf,
<br />whereas for the period 1931-74, it W88
<br />13.8 mafper year.
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<br />
<br />D. Institutional FactOrs
<br />
<br />The availability of water for synfuels
<br />development is affected by a series of-
<br />complex institutional factors. For
<br />purposes of discussion, these may be
<br />grouped into four categories: the "Law
<br />of the River," State water right!! ]aw5.
<br />Federal and Indian reserved rights. and
<br />rn\lironmental regulatory law!! and
<br />programs. The "Law of the River"
<br />includes an intcrnalionaltreaty,
<br />inlerstate compacts, a U.S. Supreme
<br />Court decree. and several acts of
<br />Congress.
<br />1. Law of the River. The Colorado
<br />River Compact i8 considered the
<br />cornerstone for water allocation in the
<br />Colorado Ri\ler Basin. Negotiated by the
<br />seven basin Stale8 in 19ZZ. the compact
<br />provisions include (1) separation of the
<br />Upper Basin from the Lower at Lee
<br />Ferry. Arizona, and {Z} apportionment of
<br />7.5 mar per year of the nalural flow of
<br />the Colorado River at Lee Ferry to the
<br />Upper Basin for beneficial consumptive
<br />use and a liJ.e quantity to the Lower
<br />Busin.
<br />The Mexican Water Tresty of 19-44
<br />guarantees Mexico 1.5 mar of Colorado
<br />
<br />Rl\ler water subject to certain
<br />contingem:ies not pertinent to this
<br />assessment.
<br />The Upper Colorado River Basin
<br />Compact. negotiated in 1948. apportions
<br />50,000 acre.feet per year of Upper Basin
<br />waler to Arizona and of the remainder
<br />51.75 percent to Colorado. 11.25 percent
<br />to New Mexico. Z3 percent to Utah, and
<br />14 percent to Wyoming. The compact
<br />also provides that evaporation losses
<br />from reservoir storage used to meet the
<br />Upper Basin delivery obligations to the
<br />Lower Basin afe charged against the
<br />Upper Basin apportionment.
<br />Construction. authorization,'and
<br />operational direction for major
<br />reservoirs in the Colorado Rh'er Basin
<br />are provided in four Congressional Acts.
<br />One of these Acts. the Bou]der Canyon
<br />Project Act of 19za. apportioned Lower
<br />Basin watef$ among the States of
<br />California. Arizona. and Nevada. It also
<br />lIuthorized construction of f{oo,.er Dam
<br />and associated facilities. A 1963 U.s.
<br />Supreme Court decision upheld the
<br />apportionments in the case of Arizona
<br />vs. California.
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<br />10.000
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<br />Further inlerpretatlon of the
<br />Congressional Acts may ultimately
<br />affect water allocations from the
<br />Colorado River System. Only the
<br />statutory provisions of the Colorado
<br />River Basin Projects Act of 1968.
<br />however, have current relevance to the
<br />assessment. Thue provisions required
<br />the Secretary of the Inferior to propose
<br />criteria for the Coordinated. long-range
<br />operation of major resen.'Oirs in the
<br />System. including priorities for the
<br />storage and release of water. Such
<br />criteria have been developed and
<br />Implemented. and ale incorporated in
<br />the Basin hydrologic analysis used 10
<br />reach conclusion. on water supply
<br />availability.
<br />Z. Stattl Water Rights Law. Surface
<br />water rights in Upper Basin States are
<br />based on the doc-trine of prior
<br />appropriation. Under this doctrine, those
<br />who fif'3t lake IIteps to divert and apply
<br />water to a beneficial use have a right
<br />that is senior 10 those who subsequently
<br />initiate action. Two basic types of water
<br />laws are involved. In Colorado, the right
<br />to make an appropriation is limited only
<br />by senior water rights. Thus. neither the
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<br />0381
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