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<br />UU l '1'''' l) <br /> <br />KANSAS STREAMFLOW CHARACTERISTICS <br /> <br />PART 5 <br />STORAGE REQUIREMENTS TO CONTROL HIGH FLOW <br /> <br />by L. W. Furness, C. V. Burns and M. W. Busby <br /> <br />ABSTRACT <br /> <br />Storage requirement curves have been developed from streamflow rec- <br />ords at 101 gaging stations in Kansas and adjoining areas. These curves <br />show how various size storage reservoirs, with selected percent chances of <br />deficiency, can control the magnitude of flood outflow. Such information will <br />aid preliminary design and operational studies of reservoirs for optimum <br />reduction in flood losses. <br /> <br />The storage requirement CUl'ves show the effect of storing damaging <br />natural flood flows for subsequent release at a lower, safe rate. Storage re- <br />quirements and outflow rates are defined for selected values from 2 to 50 <br />percent chance of storage deficiency in anyone year. For a selected chance <br />of storage deficiency, a controlled release rate of gross outflow or yield may <br />be defined for a selected reservoir capacity, or conversely the reservoir ca- <br />pacity may be defined for a desired rate of gross outflow. Gross outflow in- <br />cludes reservoir evaporation and seepage. <br /> <br />For reservoirs having a capacity equivalent to a I-inch depth of runoff <br />from the basin, the storage requirement curves show for a 4-percentchance <br />of inadequacy that the reservoir outflow could be held to about 0.05 cubic <br />feet per second (cfsl per square mile in western Kansas as compared to 30 <br />to 80 cfs per square mile on the smaller streams of eastern Kansas. If the <br />reservoirs were of a size having a 4-percent chance of filling in one day, <br />the outflow rate could be held to 1 to 7 cfs per square mile in western Kan- <br />sas as compared to 30 to 70 cfs per square mile on the smaller streams of <br />eastern Kansas. <br /> <br />The storage requirement relation with respect to outflow is not a straight <br />line but may be linearized by use of tangent and cotangent functions. The <br />coefficients from this linearized equation were significantly related to drain- <br />age area, river slope, mean annual precipitation and mean minimum January <br />temperature. Thus the storage requirement curves can be computed knowing <br />only these basin coefficients. Storage requirement curves can be computed <br />by these relations within an average of 30 to 40 percent of the observed val- <br />ues in the middle range of outflow, about 60 percent of the low outflow range <br />and greater at the upper range. <br /> <br />1 <br />