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<br />,.\ <br />) <br /> <br />10 <br />c' <br />i'-' <br />,.;:>. <br /> <br />r.,) <br /> <br />~ <br /> <br />Fishery Project (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Grand Junction, CO). These fish were later used <br /> <br />in radiotelemetry studies in the Colorado River System, Three additional fish served as sham <br /> <br />controls and received the same surgical procedure as the implanted fish, but without a <br /> <br />transmitter, <br /> <br />Water Quality <br /> <br />During the adult exposure and depuration periods, general water quality characteristics <br /> <br />were monitored in one set of replicate exposure tanks per week (Table I). Calcium, total <br /> <br />alkalinity, and total hardness were measured using titration methods of APHA (1995). <br /> <br />Magnesium was determined indirectly by the difference between total hardness and calcium. <br /> <br />Total ammonia was measured using an Orion model 95-12 ammonia electrode with an Orion <br /> <br />model 901 ionalyzer (Orion Research 1990). Un-ionized ammonia was calculated from <br /> <br />measured values of total ammonia, pH, and temperature using the equations of Emerson et aL <br /> <br />(1975). CWoride was measured using the mercuric nitrate titration method of Hach (1992). <br /> <br />Conductivity (corrected to 250C) was measured with a YSI (Yellow Springs Instnunents, Yellow <br /> <br />Springs, OH) model 31 conductivity bridge with a cell constant of K = 1.0 "' I %. Sulfate was <br /> <br />determined by the turbidimetric method described in APHA (1995) using Hach SulfaVer 4 <br /> <br />reagent (Hach 1992) and a Turner Designs (Mountain View, CA) model 40 nephelometer. <br /> <br />Turbidity was measured using the same nephelometer following standard methods (APHA <br /> <br />1995). Total suspended solids, fixed suspended solids, and volatile suspended solids were <br /> <br />determined according to standard methods (APHA 1995). Dissolved oxygen (DO) was <br /> <br />measured in all exposure tanks at least once a day with a YSI model 58 dissolved oxygen meter. <br /> <br />Water temperature was measured daily in each tank using stainless steel thermometers. <br /> <br />In the hatchability and larval survival and growth study, general water quality <br /> <br />19 <br />