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o qovernment - includes identification of activities that state and local government agencies (including public water utilities) could undertake to reduce water consumption, such as reduced irrigation of public parks and deferral of hydrant and main flushim: also includes development and passage of any ordinances (laws) and regulations necessary to promote conservation: o oricim - rates can be adjusted to encourage conservation (for example, unifonn or inclinim block rate structures can be used), and pricim incentives/disincentives can be used while shortages are in effect (for exanple, consel:Vation surcharges coupled with rebates awarded to those users conservim the greatest percentage of water) : o oenaltv - includes fines or discormection of savice if certain conservation or rationim activities are not adhered to. stages of a Water Shortage Selected conservation options should be related to the degree of water shortage that exists. For exanple, you would not want to impose water rationing upon your customers if you only had a five percent deficit in your normal water supply. stages of a water shortage and co:r::r:espondim conservation measures include: o Staqe 1: Minor Shortaqe - Voluntarv Measures This is the first step in reducing water consumption durim a potential or actual water shortage. Based on experience in other states, a 5 to 10 percent reduction in consumption can be achieved with a voluntary program. An appropriate response at this stage is initiation of a public information program. o Staqe 2: Moderate Shortaqe - Mandatorv ProClrall\ Based on the experience of utilities in other states, a 10 to 20 percent reduction in consumption can be achieved with a mandatory program. An appropriate response at this stage is to institute marrlatory conservation measures, enforceable under the authority of special ordinances, or a revised rate schedule. o Staqe 3: Severe - Rationim Prooram tJI:Mards of 30 percent savims can be achieved with a water rationim program. An appropriate response at this stage is institutim rationim programs through fixed allotments or percentage cutbacks. This response should be initiated only in rare circun'Stances. It allows the maximum amount of water savims possible in a community without severe hardship. Again, this action would have to be enforceable under the authority of special ordinances. A list of conservation options should be prepared based upon the examples provided in Table 1, and any additional conservation options you can think of. Estimate how much water each option is expected to save. Then place 16