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<br />nontributary ground water or develop other sources. If importation <br /> <br /> <br />would not be achieved, development patterns would evolve around such <br /> <br /> <br />areas. Infrastructure inefficiencies could result. <br /> <br />1.44 No measures were found to mitigate these impacts. <br /> <br />COST ESTIMATES <br /> <br />1.45 Figure 1-31 shows the present-value of the total cost of each <br /> <br /> <br />alternative. This value is equal to the total sum that would have to <br /> <br />be invested at the time of implementation to pay for all construction, <br /> <br /> <br />mitigation, and operating costs for a 50-year period. A real rate of <br /> <br /> <br />return on investment of 4 percent was used. Real rate of return is <br /> <br />the difference between actual interest and inflation. <br /> <br />1.46 During the Initial years of operation, demand for water would be <br /> <br /> <br />relatively low and the cost per unit of water provided would be quite <br /> <br /> <br />high. As demand increases over time and the full capacity of a <br /> <br /> <br />project is approached, the cost per unit of water provided would be <br /> <br />reduced. This is especially true of projects with a high original <br /> <br /> <br />construction coat. Figure 1-32 shows the average annual cost per <br /> <br /> <br />acre-foot of water provided for each alternative. <br /> <br />1.47 The methodology used to derive the cost per acre-foot discounts <br /> <br /> <br />the value of large projects that have unused capacity for a number of <br /> <br />years. The costs shown in figure 1-32 do not account for the fact <br /> <br /> <br />that the larger projects would provide a source of water for a longer <br /> <br />period of time than the amaller projects. To provide a ~rect <br />comparison, the costs and yields of additional sources would have to <br />be factored into the cost per acre-foot of the smaller projects. If <br />this were done, the cost per acre-foot could either increase or <br /> <br />1-34 <br />